{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:13:29Z","timestamp":1787238809894,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    To assess the presence and magnitude of the effect of skin blood flow on finger skin cooling on contact with cold objects against the background of circulatory disorder risks in occupational exposures, this study investigates the effect of zero vs. close-to-maximal hand blood flow on short-term (\u2264180 s) skin contact cooling response at a contact pressure that allows capillary perfusion of the distal pulp of the fingertip. Six male volunteers touched a block of aluminium with a finger contact force of 0.5 N at a temperature of \u22122\u00b0C under a vasodilated and an occluded condition. Before both conditions, participants were required to exercise in a hot room for \u226530 min for cutaneous vasodilation to occur (increase in rectal temperature of 1\u00b0C). Under the vasodilated condition, forearm blood flow rate rose as high as 16.8 ml\u00b7100 ml\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00b7min\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Under the occluded condition, the arm was exsanguinated, after which a blood pressure cuff was secured on the wrist inducing arterial occlusion. Contact temperature of the finger pad during the subsequent cold contact exposure was measured. No significant difference was found between the starting skin temperatures for the two blood flow conditions, but a distinct difference in shape of the contact cooling curve was apparent between the two blood flow conditions, with Newtonian cooling observed under the occluded condition, whereas a rewarming of the finger skin toward the end of the exposure occurred for the vasodilated condition. Blood flow was found to significantly increase contact temperature from 40 s onward ( P &lt; 0.01). It is concluded that, at a finger contact force compatible with capillary perfusion of the finger pad (\u223c0.5 N), circulating blood provides a heat input source that significantly affects finger skin contact cooling during a vasodilated state.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00760.2005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,22]],"date-time":"2005-09-22T20:23:56Z","timestamp":1127420636000},"page":"1596-1601","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Differences in finger skin contact cooling response between an arterial occlusion and a vasodilated condition"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Ollie","family":"Jay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Havenith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","unstructured":"Baran R.\n                      Diseases of the Nails and Their Management\n                      . 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S\u00f6lna, Sweden: 1986."},{"key":"R11","unstructured":"Havenith G\n                      , Heus R, and Daanen HA.\n                      The hand in the cold, performance and risk.\n                      Arctic Med Res\n                      54\n                      ,\n                      Suppl\n                      2: 37\u201347, 1995."},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01466273"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-003-0986-0"},{"key":"R14","unstructured":"Jay O\n                      and Havenith G.\n                      Skin cooling on contact with cold materials: the effect of blood flow during short-term exposures.\n                      Ann Occup Hyg\n                      48\n                      : 129\u2013137, 2004."},{"key":"R15","unstructured":"Jay O\n                      and White MD.\n                      The effect of local finger contact pressure upon cutaneous blood perfusion of the fingertip at different skin temperatures. 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London: Taylor & Francis, 2003."},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1975.sp011011"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1964.19.3.531"},{"key":"R26","unstructured":"Sekins KM\n                      and Emery AF.\n                      Thermal science for physical medicine. In:\n                      Therapeutic Heat and Cold\n                      , edited by Lehmann JF. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1982."},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1996.80.5.1829"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2796078"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1995.268.1.H147"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12507865"},{"key":"R31","unstructured":"Warren PJ\n                      , Hardiman PJ, and Woolf VJ. I.\n                      Limb exsanguination. 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