{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T16:21:39Z","timestamp":1780590099589,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"5","funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology","award":["Shinshu University Partnership Project"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Shinshu University Partnership Project"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H17-Chohju-Ippan-016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H17-Chohju-Ippan-016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21790224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21790224"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24689014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24689014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> No long-term exercise training regimen with high adherence and effectiveness in middle-aged and older people is broadly available in the field. We assessed the adherence to, and effects of, our long-term training program comprising an interval walking training (IWT) and an information technology network system and the factors affecting adherence. Middle-aged and older men and women [ n = 696, aged 65 \u00b1 7(SD) yr] underwent IWT. The subjects were instructed to repeat five or more sets of fast and slow walking for 3 min each at \u226570 and 40% peak aerobic capacity for walking (V\u0307o<jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>), respectively, per day \u22654 days\/wk for 22 mo. Adherence was assessed as training days accomplished relative to the target of 4 days\/wk over 22 mo. The effects on the V\u0307o<jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub> and lifestyle-related disease score were evaluated every 6 mo. The independent factors affecting adherence were assessed by multiple-regression analysis after adjustment for baseline physical characteristics and other possible covariates, including vasopressin V1a receptor polymorphisms. The adherence over 22 mo averaged 70% and was highly correlated with a 13% reduction in the lifestyle-related disease score ( R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.94, P = 0.006) and with a 12% increase in V\u0307o<jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub> ( R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.94, P = 0.006). The major determinant of higher adherence was lower baseline body mass index (BMI) ( P &lt; 0.0001) and male sex ( P &lt; 0.0001). For men, in addition to BMI, nonsmokers ( P = 0.031) and V1a receptor polymorphisms ( P = 0.033) were independent determinants of higher adherence. Thus the long-term IWT program is an effective regimen. Moreover, baseline BMI and sex for all subjects, and smoking and V1a receptor polymorphisms for men, were associated with adherence. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00819.2014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,24]],"date-time":"2014-12-24T22:29:13Z","timestamp":1419460153000},"page":"595-603","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["The factors affecting adherence to a long-term interval walking training program in middle-aged and older people"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Shizue","family":"Masuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan;"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aging Biology, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan;"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuharu","family":"Tabara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Research and Education and"},{"name":"Division of Anti-aging Genomics, Ehime Proteo-Medicine Research Center, Toon, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Sakurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigenari","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Preventive Medical Center, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayuko","family":"Morikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan;"},{"name":"Jukunen Taiikudaigaku Research Center, Matsumoto, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Miyagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan;"},{"name":"Jukunen Taiikudaigaku Research Center, Matsumoto, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eri","family":"Sumiyoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuro","family":"Miki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan; 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