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The rats were instrumented to record MAP, heart rate, and fr and then exposed to 90 s episodes of hypoxia (10% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, 90% N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) before and after injection of vehicle, the NO synthase inhibitor N<jats:sup>G<\/jats:sup>-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), or the inactive enantiomer d-NAME (both at 50 \u03bcmol\/kg iv). Each episode of hypoxia elicited a decrease in MAP, bidirectional changes in heart rate (initial increase and then a decrease), and an increase in fr. These responses were similar before and after injection of vehicle or d-NAME. In contrast, the hypoxia-induced decreases in MAP were attenuated after administration of l-NAME. The initial increases in heart rate during hypoxia were amplified whereas the subsequent decreases in heart rate were attenuated in l-NAME-treated rats. Finally, the hypoxia-induced increases in fr were virtually identical before and after administration of l-NAME. These findings suggest that NO factors play a vital role in the expression of the cardiovascular but not the ventilatory responses elicited by brief episodes of hypoxia in isoflurane-anesthetized rats. Based on existing evidence that NO factors play a vital role in carotid body and central responses to hypoxia in conscious rats, our findings raise the novel possibility that isoflurane blunts this NO-dependent signaling. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00842.2013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,18]],"date-time":"2014-04-18T08:20:23Z","timestamp":1397809223000},"page":"1371-1381","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Role of nitric oxide-containing factors in the ventilatory and cardiovascular responses elicited by hypoxic challenge in isoflurane-anesthetized rats"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"James P.","family":"Mendoza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachael 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