{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T03:52:46Z","timestamp":1789098766724,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study investigated the effects of exercise training on cardiac inflammatory and cardiac fibrotic pathways in female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), which were divided into a sham-operated sedentary hypertensive group (SHR-S), a sedentary hypertensive ovariectomized group (SHR-O), or a hypertensive ovariectomized group with treadmill exercise training (SHR-OT; 60 min\/day, 5 days\/wk) for 8 wk. Normotensive female Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) served as controls. SOD and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly increased in the SHR-OT group, when compared with the SHR-S or SHR-O groups. The protein levels of estrogen receptor (ER)-\u03b1 and ER-\u03b2 became decreased in the SHR-O group, when compared with the WKY or SHR-S groups, but were not changed in the SHR-OT group. The protein level of the angiotensin II type I receptor (AT\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    R) was increased in the SHR-S group but did not further change in the SHR-O group, whereas it was decreased in the SHR-OT group. The inflammatory-related protein levels of TNF-\u03b1, p-NF-\u03baB, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and IL-6, as well as the fibrotic-related protein levels of transforming growth factor-\u03b2 (TGF-\u03b2), p-Smad2\/3, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and collagen I were increased in the SHR-S group and increased further in the SHR-O group, whereas they were decreased in the SHR-OT group. The coexistence of hypertension and ovariectomy additively increased cardiac inflammatory and fibrotic pathways partially through hypertension-enhanced AT\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    R and ovariectomy-depressed estrogen receptors. Exercise training appeared to suppress hypertensive ovariectomized heart-induced inflammatory and fibrotic pathways possibly through decreasing AT\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    R but not through estrogen receptors.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>NEW &amp; NOTEWORTHY The coexistence of hypertension and ovariectomy appeared to increase cardiac inflammatory and fibrotic pathways likely through hypertension-enhanced angiotensin II type I receptor and ovariectomy-depressed estrogen receptors. Exercise training on a treadmill could prevent hypertensive ovariectomized heart-induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis via an inflammatory pathway [TNF-\u03b1, p-IKK-\u03b1\/\u03b2, p-NF-\u03baB, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), iNOS, and IL-6] and fibrotic pathway [transforming growth factor-\u03b2 (TGF-\u03b2), p-Smad2\/3, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and collagen I] possibly through decreasing angiotensin II type I receptor but not through estrogen receptors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00844.2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T14:49:20Z","timestamp":1584024560000},"page":"1033-1043","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Exercise training attenuates cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in hypertensive ovariectomized rats"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6147-0183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Yuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Seventh People\u2019s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Cheng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai-Liang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Rehabilitation, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woei-Cherng","family":"Shyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jwo-Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Ting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Sleep Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Jung","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ai-Lun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8393-8349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shin-Da","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Rehabilitation, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"133","volume":"54","author":"Das UN","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-6175.2007.06626.x"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2010.10.033"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328340d0d3"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200011000-00008"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.22783"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hy0102.100788"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.95.5.1201"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200211000-00009"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a001651"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2008.07.004"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2005.23750.x"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.6864"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6168"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mgme.2000.3032"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17122036"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00038.2019"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19092523"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.gme.0000191209.13115.46"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2010.261"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3355","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.115.17.3355","volume":"115","author":"Moustakas A","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2013(06)24"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hh0701.089175"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118246"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00683.2014"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-1405"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000073591"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00821.2002"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.97.17.1708"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00162.2010"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(02)00705-8"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00844.2019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T13:02:25Z","timestamp":1666098145000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00844.2019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/japplphysiol.00844.2019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00844.2019","relation":{},"ISSN":["8750-7587","1522-1601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8750-7587","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]}}}