{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T16:43:37Z","timestamp":1776703417945,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Whether the gut alterations seen during sepsis are caused by microcirculatory hypoxia or disturbances in cellular metabolic pathways associated with mitochondrial respiration remains controversial. We hypothesized that hypoperfusion or hypoxia and local production of nitric oxide might play an important role in the development of gut mucosal injury during endotoxic shock and investigated their roles by using differing levels of fluid resuscitation and occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Anesthetized New Zealand rabbits were allocated to group I (sham, n = 8); group II [low-dose endotoxin (LPS, Escherichia coli-055:B5, 150 \u03bcg\/kg)\/fluid resuscitation (12 ml \u00b7 kg<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup> \u00b7 h<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>); n = 8]; group III [high-dose LPS (1 mg\/kg)\/fluid resuscitation (12 ml \u00b7 kg<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup> \u00b7 h<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>); n = 8]; group IV [high-dose LPS (1 mg\/kg)\/hypovolemia (4 ml \u00b7 kg<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup> \u00b7 h<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup> fluids); n = 8]; and group V [SMA ligation\/fluid resuscitation (12 ml \u00b7 kg<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup> \u00b7 h<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>); n = 4]. Luminal gut lactate concentrations and Pco<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> gap increased in groups IV and V ( P &lt; 0.05), reflecting alterations in gut perfusion. Interestingly, significant histological alterations were observed in all LPS groups but not in group V. Blood and luminal gut nitrate\/nitrite concentrations increased only in group IV. The mechanism of gut injury in endotoxic shock seems unrelated to hypoxia and release of nitric oxide. Gut dysfunction may occur as a result of so-called \u201ccytopathic hypoxia.\u201d <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00925.2002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]],"date-time":"2015-03-03T20:47:13Z","timestamp":1425415633000},"page":"2047-2054","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Gut mucosal damage during endotoxic shock is due to mechanisms other than gut ischemia"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Suzana M.","family":"Lobo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"De Backer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zizi","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Dimopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Charles","family":"Preiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Vray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Vercruy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renato Giuseppe Giovanni","family":"Terzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Louis","family":"Vincent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"REF1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199511000-00014"},{"key":"REF2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.110.1.198"},{"key":"REF3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199910000-00030"},{"key":"REF4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1970.01340280030009"},{"key":"REF5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199709000-00008"},{"key":"REF6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.4.9810116"},{"key":"REF7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.5.9907043"},{"key":"REF8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-9441(97)90033-2"},{"key":"REF9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.4.9701048"},{"key":"REF10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1987.01400140067008"},{"key":"REF11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fink M. 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