{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T15:33:14Z","timestamp":1778859194959,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"5","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHBLI)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HL-2-108328"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL-2-108328"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Sex differences in the mechanisms underlying cardiovascular pathophysiology of O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> transport in heart failure (HF) remain to be explored. In HF, nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is reduced and contributes to deficits in O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> delivery-to-utilization matching. Females may rely more on NO for cardiovascular control and as such experience greater decrements in HF. We tested the hypotheses that moderate HF induced by myocardial infarction would attenuate the skeletal muscle interstitial Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> response to contractions (Po<jats:sub>2is<\/jats:sub>; determined by O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> delivery-to-utilization matching) compared with healthy controls and females would express greater dysfunction than male counterparts. Furthermore, we hypothesized that 5 days of dietary nitrate supplementation (Nitrate; 1 mmol\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00b7day<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) would raise Po<jats:sub>2is<\/jats:sub> in HF rats. Forty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to healthy, HF, or HF + Nitrate groups (each n = 14; 7 female\/7 male). Spinotrapezius Po<jats:sub>2is<\/jats:sub> was measured via phosphorescence quenching during electrically induced twitch contractions (180 s; 1 Hz). HF reduced resting Po<jats:sub>2is<\/jats:sub> for both sexes compared with healthy controls ( P &lt; 0.01), and females were lower than males (14 \u00b1 1 vs. 17 \u00b1 2 mmHg) ( P &lt; 0.05). In HF both sexes expressed reduced Po<jats:sub>2is<\/jats:sub> amplitudes following the onset of muscle contractions compared with healthy controls (female: \u221241 \u00b1 7%, male: \u221226 \u00b1 12%) ( P &lt; 0.01). In HF rats, Nitrate elevated resting Po<jats:sub>2is<\/jats:sub> to values not different from healthy rats and removed the sex difference. Female HF + Nitrate rats expressed greater resting Po<jats:sub>2is<\/jats:sub> and amplitudes compared with female HF ( P &lt; 0.05). In this model of moderate HF, O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> delivery-to-utilization matching in the interstitial space is diminished in a sex-specific manner and dietary nitrate supplementation may serve to offset this reduction in HF rats with greater effects in females. <\/jats:p><jats:p> NEW &amp; NOTEWORTHY Interstitial Po<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (Po<jats:sub>2is<\/jats:sub>; indicative of O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> delivery-to-utilization matching) determines, in part, O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> flux into skeletal muscle. We show that heart failure (HF) reduces Po<jats:sub>2is<\/jats:sub> at rest and during skeletal muscle contractions in rats and this negative effect is amplified for females. However, elevating NO bioavailability with dietary nitrate supplementation increases resting Po<jats:sub>2is<\/jats:sub> and alters the dynamic response with greater efficacy in female HF rats, particularly at rest and following the onset of muscle contractions. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01004.2018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,7]],"date-time":"2019-03-07T15:43:06Z","timestamp":1551973386000},"page":"1184-1192","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Sexual dimorphism in the control of skeletal muscle interstitial P<scp>o<\/scp><sub>2<\/sub> of heart failure rats: effects of dietary nitrate supplementation"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"126","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5959-4139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesse C.","family":"Craig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 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