{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T14:16:38Z","timestamp":1789913798435,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Paraspinal electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded bilaterally from three lumbar levels during 30-s isometric trunk extensions [40 and 80% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC)] in 20 healthy men and 14 chronic low back pain patients in pain. EMG parameters indicating neuromuscular fatigue and contralateral imbalances in EMG root-mean-square amplitude and median frequency were analyzed. Patients in pain showed less fatigue than controls at both contraction levels and produced only 55% of their MVC. Patients in pain likely did not produce a \u201ctrue\u201d maximum effort. A low MVC estimate would mean lower absolute contraction levels and less neuromuscular fatigue, thus explaining lower scores in the patients. Contralateral root-mean-square amplitude imbalances were present in both categories of subjects although such imbalances, when averaged across lumbar levels, were significantly larger in patients. Median frequency imbalances were significantly larger in the patients, at segmental as well as across lumbar levels. These results suggest that the presence of pain in these patients caused a redistribution of the activation behavior between synergistic muscles of the lumbar back.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01183.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]],"date-time":"2015-03-03T20:44:35Z","timestamp":1425415475000},"page":"1410-1420","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":118,"title":["Activation imbalances in lumbar spine muscles in the presence of chronic low back pain"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Lars I. E.","family":"Oddsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NeuroMuscular Research Center and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo J.","family":"De Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NeuroMuscular Research Center and"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(88)90160-1"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)30938-X","volume":"8","author":"Andersson GBJ","year":"1977","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.14.7739"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00115550-199924010-00012"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2002.1021585"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659202000507"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08990229509063141"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1995.73.5.1752"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1991.71.5.1878"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00231-1"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.1979.326534"},{"key":"B16","first-page":"251","volume":"11","author":"De Luca CJ.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Crit Rev Biomed Eng"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880160216"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(98)00053-9"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-6411(00)00009-2"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.97.3.502"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200208000-00013"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1955.sp005347"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.1985.325634"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/math.1999.0172"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-6411(97)00015-1"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199502001-00011"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00517947"},{"key":"B31","first-page":"1","volume":"637","author":"Jorgensen K.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand Suppl"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140138708969704"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880110707"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199502001-00012"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1995.79.1.23"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-6411(02)00011-1"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-6411(99)00027-9"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y91-102"},{"key":"B39","first-page":"10","volume":"73","author":"MacIntyre DL","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(90)90027-B"},{"key":"B41","first-page":"427","volume":"34","author":"Mannion AF","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90027-M"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1994.77.5.2104"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01015206"},{"key":"B45","first-page":"8","volume":"279","author":"Nachemson AL.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(96)90108-2"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198710000-00012"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00705090"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1988.tb08466.x"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1986.tb07987.x"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1987.tb08044.x"},{"key":"B52","first-page":"1","volume":"595","author":"Oddsson LI.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand Suppl"},{"key":"B53","first-page":"415","volume":"34","author":"Oddsson LI","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"B54","first-page":"60","volume":"288","author":"Pink M","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2000.80.2.767"},{"key":"B56","first-page":"155","volume":"13","author":"Ren K","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Orofac Pain"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0268-0033(86)90085-9"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/73.12.892"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-6411(98)00010-8"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198909000-00014"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199501000-00008"},{"key":"B63","first-page":"405","volume":"34","author":"Roy SH","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199008000-00008"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/78.8.838"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00731-3"},{"key":"B67a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198701000-00001","volume":"12","year":"1987","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"B68","first-page":"1080","volume":"72","author":"Sihvonen T","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1994.72.2.883"},{"key":"B70","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"Snook SH.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Occup Med"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.1981.324738"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199311000-00029"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198707000-00010"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(05)70125-5"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00054-8"},{"key":"B77","first-page":"40","volume":"9","author":"Yuan CX","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100047466"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.01183.2001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T09:44:59Z","timestamp":1651398299000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.01183.2001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/japplphysiol.01183.2001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.01183.2001","relation":{},"ISSN":["8750-7587","1522-1601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8750-7587","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]]}}}