{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T08:50:45Z","timestamp":1780563045241,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Metabolic alkalosis induced by sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) ingestion has been shown to enhance performance during brief high-intensity exercise. The mechanisms associated with this increase in performance may include increased muscle phosphocreatine (PCr) breakdown, muscle glycogen utilization, and plasma lactate (Lac<jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup><jats:sub>pl<\/jats:sub>) accumulation. Together, these changes would imply a shift toward a greater contribution of anaerobic energy production, but this statement has been subject to debate. In the present study, subjects ( n = 6) performed a progressive wrist flexion exercise to volitional fatigue (0.5 Hz, 14\u201321 min) in a control condition (Con) and after an oral dose of NaHCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> (Alk: 0.3 g\/kg; 1.5 h before testing) to evaluate muscle metabolism over a complete range of exercise intensities. Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to continuously monitor intracellular pH, [PCr], [P<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>], and [ATP] (brackets denote concentration). Blood samples drawn from a deep arm vein were analyzed with a blood gas-electrolyte analyzer to measure plasma pH, Pco<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and [Lac<jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>pl<\/jats:sub>, and plasma [Formula: see text] was calculated from pH and Pco<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. NaHCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> ingestion resulted in an increased ( P &lt; 0.05) plasma pH and [Formula: see text] throughout rest and exercise. Time to fatigue and peak power output were increased ( P &lt; 0.05) by \u223c12% in Alk. During exercise, a delayed ( P &lt; 0.05) onset of intracellular acidosis (1.17 \u00b1 0.26 vs. 1.28 \u00b1 0.22 W, Con vs. Alk) and a delayed ( P &lt; 0.05) onset of rapid increases in the [P<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>]-to-[PCr] ratio (1.21 \u00b1 0.30 vs. 1.30 \u00b1 0.30 W) were observed in Alk. No differences in total [H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>], [P<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>], or [Lac<jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>pl<\/jats:sub> accumulation were detected. In conclusion, NaHCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> ingestion was shown to increase plasma pH at rest, which resulted in a delayed onset of intracellular acidification during incremental exercise. Conversely, NaHCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> was not associated with increased [Lac<jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>pl<\/jats:sub> accumulation or PCr breakdown. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01261.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,10]],"date-time":"2004-02-10T01:45:04Z","timestamp":1076377504000},"page":"2050-2056","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Metabolic effects of induced alkalosis during progressive forearm exercise to fatigue"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Graydon H.","family":"Raymer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg D.","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Kowalchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Terry","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"REF1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640419508732255"},{"key":"REF2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198806000-00003"},{"key":"REF3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1025910"},{"key":"REF4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00636622"},{"key":"REF5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140138808966813"},{"key":"REF6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00691236"},{"key":"REF7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199606000-00008"},{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00634306"},{"key":"REF9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.2000.278.2.E316"},{"key":"REF10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5288(96)90072-7"},{"key":"REF11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.1988.255.3.F479"},{"key":"REF12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198812000-00008"},{"key":"REF13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1997.77.2.321"},{"key":"REF14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-201X.1998.00417.x"},{"key":"REF15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1984.57.5.1558"},{"key":"REF16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199418020-00001"},{"key":"REF17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1999.276.1.R32"},{"key":"REF18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y90-125"},{"key":"REF19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1991.71.3.1076"},{"key":"REF20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsn.3.1.2"},{"key":"REF21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1994.tb09717.x"},{"key":"REF22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640418608732096"},{"key":"REF23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210050559"},{"key":"REF24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640419208729940"},{"key":"REF25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640419208729941"},{"key":"REF26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00599698"},{"key":"REF27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(90)90506-T"},{"key":"REF28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(90)90505-S"},{"key":"REF29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1986.251.5.R833"},{"key":"REF30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stephens TJ, McKenna MJ, Canny BJ, Snow RJ, and McConell GK. Effect of sodium bicarbonate on muscle metabolism during intense endurance cycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc 34: 614-621, 2002.","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200204000-00009"},{"key":"REF31","unstructured":"Tiryaki GR and Atterbom HA. The effects of sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate on 600 m running time of trained females. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 35: 194-198, 1995."},{"key":"REF32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198315040-00004"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.01261.2003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,8]],"date-time":"2019-09-08T19:58:47Z","timestamp":1567972727000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.01261.2003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/japplphysiol.01261.2003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.01261.2003","relation":{},"ISSN":["8750-7587","1522-1601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8750-7587","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]}}}