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In contrast to the diaphragm, however, this adverse effect is largely related to the orientation and motion of the ribs, rather than the ability of the muscles to generate force. During combined activation of the two sets of muscles, the change in Ppl is larger than during isolated diaphragm activation, and this added load on the diaphragm reduces the shortening of the muscle and increases muscle force. In addition, activation of the diaphragm suppresses the cranial displacement of the passive diaphragm that occurs during isolated intercostal contraction and increases the respiratory effect of the intercostals. As a result, the change in Ppl generated during combined diaphragm-intercostal activation is greater than the sum of the pressures generated during separate muscle activation. Although this synergistic interaction becomes particularly prominent at high lung volumes, lung inflation, either bilateral or unilateral, places a substantial stress on the inspiratory muscle pump.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.91472.2008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,6]],"date-time":"2009-03-06T05:09:34Z","timestamp":1236316174000},"page":"315-323","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Effect of acute inflation on the mechanics of the inspiratory muscles"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"De Troyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore A.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00865.2004"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00173.2009"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dal Vecchio L, Polese G, Poggi R, Rossi A.\u201cIntrinsic\u201d positive end-expiratory pressure in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Eur Respir J3: 74\u201380, 1990.","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.03010074"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1974.36.6.715"},{"key":"R5","unstructured":"Danon J, Druz WS, Goldberg NB, Sharp JT.Function of the isolated paced diaphragm and the cervical accessory muscles in C1 quadriplegics.Am Rev Respir Dis119: 909\u2013919, 1979."},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1987.63.4.1493"},{"key":"R7","unstructured":"Delhez L.Contribution \u00c9lectromyographique \u00e0 l'\u00c9tude de la M\u00e9canique et du Contr\u00f4le Nerveux des Mouvements Respiratoires de l'Homme. 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