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If this is true, it could be due to a sexual dimorphism in vestibular function and therefore dysfunction, possibly related to the hormonal differences between females and males, although the higher incidence of vestibular dysfunction in females appears to last long after menopause. Many other neurochemical differences exist between males and females, however, that could be implicated in sexual dimorphism. This review critically explores the possibility of sexual dimorphism in vestibular function and dysfunction, and the implications it may have for the treatment of vestibular disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00074.2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T18:29:59Z","timestamp":1556735399000},"page":"2379-2391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Sexual dimorphism in vestibular function and dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Paul F.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences and the Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand"},{"name":"Brain Research New Zealand"},{"name":"Eisdell Moore Centre for Hearing and Balance Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuri","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia L.","family":"Darlington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences and the Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand"},{"name":"Brain Research New Zealand"},{"name":"Eisdell Moore Centre for Hearing and Balance Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-170534"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2011.10.004"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-073X.2007.00220.x"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-016-0087-5"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-310319"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2014.08.012"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.122602"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfw238"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199905140-00017"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh617"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1808-86942011000200015"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2718-07.2007"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.06.002"},{"key":"B14","first-page":"135","volume":"12","author":"Celestino D","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00261"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/tao.2017.2079"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2012.668710"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(02)00028-2"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Darlington CL. 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