{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T08:20:16Z","timestamp":1791102016132,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The medullary ventral respiratory column (VRC) of neurons is essential for respiratory motor pattern generation; however, the functional connections among these cells are not well understood. A rostral extension of the VRC, including the retrotrapezoid nucleus\/parafacial region (RTN-pF), contains neurons responsive to local perturbations of CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/pH. We addressed the hypothesis that both local RTN-pF interactions and functional connections from more caudal VRC compartments\u2014extending from the B\u00f6tzinger and pre-B\u00f6tzinger complexes to the ventral respiratory group (B\u00f6t-VRG)\u2014influence the respiratory modulation of RTN-pF neurons and their responses to central chemoreceptor and baroreflex activation. Spike trains from 294 RTN-pF and 490 B\u00f6t-VRG neurons were monitored with multielectrode arrays along with phrenic nerve activity in 14 decerebrate, vagotomized cats. Overall, 214 RTN-pF and 398 B\u00f6t-VRG neurons were respiratory modulated; 124 and 95, respectively, were cardiac modulated. Subsets of these neurons were tested with sequential, selective, transient stimulation of central chemoreceptors and arterial baroreceptors; each cell's response was evaluated and categorized according to the change in firing rate (if any) following the stimulus. Cross-correlation analysis was applied to 2,884 RTN-pF\u2194RTN-pF and 8,490 B\u00f6t-VRG\u2194RTN-pF neuron pairs. In total, 174 RTN-pF neurons (59.5%) had significant features in short-time scale correlations with other RTN-pF neurons. Of these, 49 neurons triggered cross-correlograms with offset peaks or troughs ( n = 99) indicative of paucisynaptic excitation or inhibition of the target. Forty-nine B\u00f6t-VRG neurons (10.0%) were triggers in 74 B\u00f6t-VRG\u2192RTN-pF correlograms with offset features, suggesting that B\u00f6t-VRG trigger neurons influence RTN-pF target neurons. The results support the hypothesis that local RTN-pF neuron interactions and inputs from B\u00f6t-VRG neurons jointly contribute to respiratory modulation of RTN-pF neuronal discharge patterns and promotion or limitation of their responses to central chemoreceptor and baroreceptor stimulation. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00262.2010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,10]],"date-time":"2011-03-10T04:50:49Z","timestamp":1299732649000},"page":"2960-2975","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Ventrolateral medullary functional connectivity and the respiratory and central chemoreceptor-evoked modulation of retrotrapezoid-parafacial neurons"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Mackenzie M.","family":"Ott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology and Neuroscience Program, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, 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