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The hypothesis was tested, in intact and injured afferent nerve fibers, that low-threshold cold-sensitive afferent nerve fibers are activated by the transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) agonist menthol, whereas high-threshold cold-sensitive C-fibers and cold-insensitive afferent nerve fibers are menthol insensitive. In anesthetized rats, activity was recorded from afferent nerve fibers in strands isolated from the sural nerve, which was either intact or crushed 6\u201312 days before the experiment distal to the recording site. In all, 77 functionally identified afferent C-fibers (30 intact fibers, 47 injured fibers) and 34 functionally characterized A-fibers (11 intact fibers, 23 injured fibers) were tested for their responses to menthol applied to their receptive fields either in the skin (10 or 20%) or in the nerve (4 or 8 mM). Menthol activated all intact ( n = 12) and 90% of injured ( n = 20\/22) type 1 cold-sensitive C-fibers; it activated no intact type 2 cold-sensitive C-fibers ( n = 7) and 1\/11 injured type 2 cold-sensitive C-fibers. Neither intact nor injured heat- and\/or mechanosensitive cold-insensitive C-fibers ( n = 25) and almost no A-fibers ( n = 2\/34) were activated by menthol. These results strongly argue that cutaneous type 1 cold-sensitive afferent fibers are nonnociceptive cold fibers that use the TRPM8 transduction channel. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00287.2013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,27]],"date-time":"2014-02-27T05:37:19Z","timestamp":1393479439000},"page":"2071-2083","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Responses of intact and injured sural nerve fibers to cooling and menthol"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Alina","family":"Teliban","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiologisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Bartsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiologisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany; 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