{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:08:42Z","timestamp":1790359722888,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Some electrographic seizures are generated intracortically. The cellular and ionic bases of cortically generated spontaneous seizures are not fully understood. Here we investigated spontaneously occurring seizures consisting of spike-wave complexes intermingled with fast runs in ketamine-xylazine anesthetized cats, using dual intracellular recordings in which one pipette contained a control solution and another pipette contained blockers of K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , or Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    currents. We show that closely located neocortical neurons display virtually identical fluctuations of the membrane potential during electrographic seizures, thus directly demonstrating a high degree of focal synchrony during paroxysmal activity. In addition to synaptic drives, the persistent Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    current [ I\n                    <jats:sub>Na(p)<\/jats:sub>\n                    ] and probably the high-threshold Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    current contributed to the generation of paroxysmal depolarizing shifts (PDSs) during cortically driven seizures. Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -activated K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    current [ I\n                    <jats:sub>K(Ca)<\/jats:sub>\n                    ] took also part in the control of the amplitude and duration of PDSs. The hyperpolarizing components of seizures largely depended on Cs\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -sensitive K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    currents. I\n                    <jats:sub>K(Ca)<\/jats:sub>\n                    played a significant, while not exclusive, role in the mediation of hyperpolarizing potentials related to EEG \u201cwaves\u201d during spike-wave seizures. We conclude that intrinsic cellular factors have significant role in the generation of depolarizing and hyperpolarizing components of seizures.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00523.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,26]],"date-time":"2004-07-26T14:43:51Z","timestamp":1090853031000},"page":"1133-1143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Contribution of Intrinsic Neuronal Factors in the Generation of Cortically Driven Electrographic Seizures"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Igor","family":"Timofeev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, G1K 7P4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Grenier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, G1K 7P4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mircea","family":"Steriade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, G1K 7P4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05316.x"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(91)90467-5"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1993.69.6.1966"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(94)90372-7"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bazhenov M\n                      , Timofeev I, Steriade M, and Sejnowski T.\n                      Potassium model for slow (2\u20133 Hz) neocortical paroxysmal oscillations in vivo.\n                      J Neurophysiol\n                      91\n                      : 1116\u20131132, 2004.","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00529.2003"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.02-11-01614.1982"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02515-0"},{"key":"R8","unstructured":"Brodie MJ\n                      and Kwan P.\n                      The star systems: overview and use in determining antiepileptic drug choice.\n                      CNS Drugs\n                      15\n                      : 1\u201312; discussion 13\u201315, 2001."},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1989.62.5.1149"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/85480"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1076510"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(90)90185-D"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.58.030196.002025"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1535-7597.2002.00024.x"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-1211(90)90063-2"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00201-2"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-21-09099.1998"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3037700"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00236151"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.22.12151"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5284.109"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(03)00101-5"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00420.2002"},{"key":"R24","unstructured":"Halasz P\n                      .\n                      Runs of rapid spikes in sleep: a characteristic EEG expression of generalized malignant epileptic encephalopathies. 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