{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T23:57:14Z","timestamp":1789171034294,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Plantar cutaneous afferent transmission is critical for recovery of locomotion in spinalized animals, whereas a phase-dependent reflex modulation is apparent during fictive or real locomotion. In nine people with a chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) the effects of foot sole stimulation on the soleus H-reflex and tibialis anterior (TA) flexion reflex modulation patterns during assisted stepping were established on different days. The soleus H-reflex was elicited by posterior tibial nerve stimulation followed by a supramaximal stimulus 100 ms after the test H-reflex to control for movement of recording electrodes. The flexion reflex was evoked by sural nerve stimulation with a 30-ms pulse train, recorded from the ipsilateral TA muscle, and elicited at 1.2- to twofold the reflex threshold. During assisted stepping, spinal reflexes were conditioned by percutaneous stimulation of the ipsilateral metatarsals at threefold perceptual threshold with a 20-ms pulse train delivered at 9- to 11-ms conditioning-test intervals. Stimuli were randomly dispersed across the step cycle, which was divided into 16 equal bins. The conditioned soleus H-reflex was significantly facilitated at midstance and depressed during midswing when compared with the unconditioned soleus H-reflex recorded during stepping. Foot sole stimulation induced a significant facilitation of the long-latency TA flexion reflex before, during, and after stance-to-swing transition when compared with the unconditioned long-latency TA flexion reflex during stepping. This study provides evidence that plantar cutaneous afferents remarkably influence the soleus H-reflex and TA flexion reflex modulation patterns during stepping and support that actions of plantar cutaneous afferents onto spinal interneuronal circuits engaged in locomotion are manifested in a phase-dependent manner in chronic SCI subjects. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00880.2009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,30]],"date-time":"2009-12-30T22:14:34Z","timestamp":1262211274000},"page":"1304-1314","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Plantar Cutaneous Afferents Normalize the Reflex Modulation Patterns During Stepping in Chronic Human Spinal Cord Injury"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Knikou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Science Doctoral Programs, City University of New York, Staten Island, New York;"},{"name":"Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; and"},{"name":"Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2002.0090s1030.x"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00235875"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.123075"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1966.tb03433.x"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90493-6"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1992.67.5.1375"},{"issue":"2","key":"B7","first-page":"509","volume-title":"Handbook of Physiology. The Nervous System. Motor Control","author":"Baldissera F","year":"1981"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02447435"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210000511"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00445.2009"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00496.2003"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00497.2003"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/111.5.1235"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(89)90127-5"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.5.1143"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2007.12.015"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1935-5_129"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1486-04.2004"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00230098"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.44.8.699"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(02)02229-4"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(08)00410-3"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90751-X"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00942.2003"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1977.40.4.737"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2003.12.006"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y04-071"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00235013"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00239728"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)90903-Z"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00231254"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/122.3.567"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.12.069"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(77)90710-7"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(75)91012-4"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1994.72.5.2090"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.00639.x"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1991.65.4.914"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2006.04.001"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021207"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03637.x"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1995.sp020597"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1994.1133"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2007.06.014"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.0869e.x"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101917"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2008.02.012"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-008-1636-x"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-009-1854-x"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)01718-9"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101772"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2007.05.004"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00231657"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.160630"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1997.78.1.429"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)60803-1"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00236301"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100432"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2007.08.006"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(85)91095-8"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-01-00391.1999"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2002.88.1.163"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)04067-2"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-004-1868-3"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.473bn.x"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1995.sp020872"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.00691.x"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.00605.x"},{"key":"B69","first-page":"351","volume":"42","author":"Pierrot-Deseilligny E","year":"1981","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1987.57.1.56"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00175.2005"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02423509"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200210280-00025"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)01483-7"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2006.1889"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00042.2008"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00028.2005"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-009-1758-9"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(84)91233-2"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2000.83.5.2881"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90363-3"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210050522"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.04.043"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.929ab.x"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.095505"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00773.2003"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-10-03804.1997"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1964.27.6.1063"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100032133"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00227148"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.79.2.848"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1997.77.6.3311"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/jn.00880.2009","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T02:28:37Z","timestamp":1567996117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/jn.00880.2009"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/jn.00880.2009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00880.2009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3077","1522-1598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3077","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}}}