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In a recent study of the knee extensors, SCI subjects demonstrated greater central activation ratio (CAR) values during lengthening (i.e., eccentric) maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs), compared with during isometric or shortening (i.e., concentric) MVCs. In contrast, healthy controls demonstrated lower lengthening CAR values compared with their isometric and shortening CARs. For the present investigation, we hypothesized SCI subjects would again produce their highest CAR values during lengthening MVCs, and that these increases in central activation were partially attributable to greater efficacy of Ia-\u03b1 motoneuron transmission during muscle lengthening following SCI. Results show SCI subjects produced higher CAR values during lengthening vs. isometric or shortening MVCs (all P &lt; 0.001). H-reflex testing revealed normalized H-reflexes (maximal SOL H-reflex-to-maximal M-wave ratios) were greater for SCI than controls during passive ( P = 0.023) and active (i.e., 75% MVC; P = 0.017) lengthening, suggesting facilitation of Ia transmission post-SCI. Additionally, measures of spinal reflex excitability (passive lengthening maximal SOL H-reflex-to-maximal M-wave ratio) in SCI were positively correlated with soleus electromyographic activity and CAR values during lengthening MVCs (both P &lt; 0.05). The present study presents evidence that patterns of dynamic muscle activation are altered following SCI, and that greater central activation during lengthening contractions is partly due to enhanced efficacy of Ia-\u03b1 motoneuron transmission. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01074.2014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,13]],"date-time":"2015-05-13T22:42:25Z","timestamp":1431556945000},"page":"427-439","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Increased spinal reflex excitability is associated with enhanced central activation during voluntary lengthening contractions in human spinal cord injury"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Hyosub E.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;"},{"name":"Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Corcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy &amp; Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. 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