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Animals were also oscillated about a vertical axis while upright or tilted in pitch. In the second test, the vertical canals are maximally activated when the animals are tilted back about \u221250\u00b0 from the spatial upright and the lateral canals when the animals are tilted forward about 30\u00b0. We reasoned that if central compensation occurred, the head orientation at which the response of the vertical canal-related neurons was maximal should be shifted toward the plane of the lateral canals. No lateral canal-related units were found after nerve section, and vertical canal-related units were found only in SVN not in the rostral medial vestibular nucleus. SVN canal-related units were maximally activated when the head was tilted back at \u221247 \u00b1 17 and \u221250 \u00b1 12\u00b0 (means \u00b1 SD) in the two animals, close to the predicted orientation of the vertical canals. This indicated that spatial adaptation of vertical canal-related vestibular neurons had not occurred. 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