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Bead movement under the action of gravity and canal afferent nerve discharge were recorded in vivo. When the head was oriented nose-down, beads moved toward the nose and the lateral canal afferent discharge rate increased. Afferents that normally encoded angular velocity during oscillatory head rotations responded with tonic increases in the discharge rate during gravity-dependent bead movement. Other afferents, such as the units that rapidly adapt to a step increase in angular head velocity, responded with an initial increase in discharge rate followed by a period of adaptation. Afferent responses occurred in the complete absence of head movement and quantify the pathological inputs to the brain that arise from canalithiasis. The magnitude and time course of the responses reported here are sufficient to explain the symptoms of BPPV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01152.2006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,18]],"date-time":"2007-01-18T01:39:28Z","timestamp":1169084368000},"page":"2355-2363","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Afferent Responses During Experimentally Induced Semicircular Canalithiasis"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Suhrud M.","family":"Rajguru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard D.","family":"Rabbitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000163545.57134.3D"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.12.2542"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u00e1r\u00e1ny R.Diagnose von Krankheitserscgeinungen im Bereiche des Otolithenapparates.Acta Otolaryngol2: 434\u2013437, 1921.","DOI":"10.3109\/00016482009123103"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-05-01557.1990"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1980.00790320036009"},{"key":"R6","unstructured":"Brandt T, Steddin S.Current view of the mechanism of benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo: cupulolithiasis or canalolithiasis?J Vestib Res3: 373\u2013382, 1993."},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112073000054"},{"key":"R8","unstructured":"Carmichael RS.(Editor).CRC Handbook of Physical Properties of Rocks.Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1984."},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1989.62.5.1090"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dix MR, Hallpike CS.The pathology, symptomatology, and diagnosis of certain common disorder of the vestibular system.Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci45: 341\u2013354, 1952.","DOI":"10.1177\/003591575204500604"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988008800514"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989210700310"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1971.34.4.661"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)60518-7"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(98)00108-7"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1971.34.4.635"},{"key":"R17","unstructured":"Hall SF, Ruby RR, McClure JA.The mechanics of benign paroxysmal vertigo.J Otolaryngol8: 151\u2013158, 1979."},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/70.6.381"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1996.75.2.575"},{"key":"R20","unstructured":"Honrubia V, Baloh RW, Harris MR, Jacobson KM.Paroxysmal positional vertigo syndrome.Am J Otol20: 465\u2013470, 1999."},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000164801300043640"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000068998"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2005.09.001"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lim DJ.Otoconia in health and disease. 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