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Anoxia increased [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>by evoking Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>release from two distinct internal stores one sensitive to carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP) and one sensitive to caffeine, cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), and ryanodine [assumed to be the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)]. Anoxia also promoted progressive decline in ER Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>content. Despite partially depolarizing mitochondria, anoxia had relatively little effect on mitochondrial Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>uptake when neurons were depolarized but substantially delayed mitochondrial Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>release and subsequent Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>clearance from the cytosol on repolarization. Anoxia also reduced both sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-ATPase (SERCA) activity and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>extrusion [probably via plasma membrane Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-ATPase (PMCA)]. Thus anoxia has multiple effects on [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>homeostasis in sensory neurons involving internal stores, mitochondrial buffering, and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>pumps. Under conditions of anoxic aglycemia, there was a biphasic and more profound elevation of [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>, which was associated with complete ER Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>store emptying and progressive, and eventually complete, inhibition of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>clearance by PMCA and SERCA. These data clearly show that loss of oxygen, and exhaustion of glycolytic substrates, can profoundly affect many aspects of cell Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>regulation, and this may play an important role in modulating neuronal responses to ischemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01380.2007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,17]],"date-time":"2008-04-17T01:35:43Z","timestamp":1208396143000},"page":"456-473","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Effects of Anoxia and Aglycemia on Cytosolic Calcium Regulation in Rat Sensory Neurons"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Henrich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith 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