{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T20:09:31Z","timestamp":1760299771866,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Tekk\u00f6k, S., I. Medina, and K. Krnjevi\u0107. Intraneuronal [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>] changes induced by 2-deoxy-d-glucose in rat hippocampal slices. J. Neurophysiol. 81: 174\u2013183, 1999. Temporary replacement of glucose by 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG; but not sucrose) is followed by long-term potentiation of CA1 synaptic transmission (2-DG LTP), which is Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-dependent and is prevented by dantrolene or N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists. To clarify the mechanism of action of 2-DG, we monitored [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>while replacing glucose with 2-DG or sucrose. In slices (from Wistar rats) kept submerged at 30\u00b0C, pyramidal neurons were loaded with [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]-sensitive fluo-3 or Fura Red. The fluorescence was measured with a confocal microscope. Bath applications of 10 mM 2-DG (replacing glucose for 15 \u00b1 0.38 min, means \u00b1 SE) led to a rapid but reversible rise in fluo-3 fluorescence (or drop of Fura Red fluorescence); the peak increase of fluo-3 fluorescence (\u0394 F\/ F<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>), measured near the end of 2-DG applications, was by 245 \u00b1 50% ( n = 32). Isosmolar sucrose (for 15\u201340 min) had a smaller but significant effect (\u0394 F\/ F<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>= 94 \u00b1 14%, n = 10). The 2-DG\u2013induced \u0394 F\/ F<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>was greatly reduced (to 35 \u00b1 15%, n = 16) by d,l-aminophosphono-valerate (50\u2013100 \u03bcM) and abolished by 10 \u03bcM dantrolene (\u22124.0 \u00b1 2.9%, n = 11). A substantial, although smaller effect, of 2-DG persisted in Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-free 1 mM ethylene glycol-bis(\u03b2-aminoethyl ether)- N, N, N\u2032, N\u2032-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) medium. Two adenosine antagonists, which do not prevent 2-DG LTP, were also tested; 2-DG\u2013induced \u0394 F\/ F<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>(fluo-3) was not affected by the A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-3,7-dihydro-1,3-dipropyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione (DPCPX 50 nM; 287 \u00b1 38%; n = 20), but it was abolished by the A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/A<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>antagonist 8-SPT; 25 \u00b1 29%, n = 19). These observations suggest that 2-DG releases glutamate and adenosine and that the rise in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>] may be triggered by a synergistic action of glutamate (acting via NMDA receptors) and adenosine (acting via A<jats:sub>2b<\/jats:sub>receptors) resulting in Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>release from a dantrolene-sensitive store. The discrepant effects of sucrose and 8-SPT on \u0394 F\/ F<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>, on the one hand, and 2-DG LTP, on the other, support other evidence that increases in postsynaptic [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>are not essential for 2-DG LTP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1999.81.1.174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,25]],"date-time":"2017-12-25T04:58:37Z","timestamp":1514177917000},"page":"174-183","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Intraneuronal [Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>] Changes Induced by 2-Deoxy-<scp>d<\/scp>-Glucose in Rat Hippocampal Slices"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Tekk\u00f6k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia Research and Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale Unit\u00e9 29, 75014 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Krnjevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia Research and Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1984.sp015279"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1997.sp021927"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/361031a0"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(95)00273-L"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)91517-V"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(93)90094-Z"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1991.tb06418.x"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(81)90697-1"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.11-08-02545.1991"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1990.sp018074"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1989.sp017580"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.09-05-01473.1989"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1991.sp018608"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03187.x"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(25)06782-1","volume":"46","author":"Fredholm B. B.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(92)90124-P"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021255"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00964858"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440110214"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(94)90140-6"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-17-06669.1997"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1994.tb14880.x"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)83166-0","volume":"264","author":"Kao J.P.Y.","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-06-02002.1996"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(90)90680-8"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1990.tb14165.x"},{"key":"B30","first-page":"P52","volume":"495","author":"Krnjevi\u0107 K.","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Lond.)"},{"key":"B31","first-page":"1460","volume":"22","author":"Krnjevi\u0107 K.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abstr."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(95)80045-X"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(86)90279-4"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90183-A"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1995.sp020882"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-3623(94)90162-7"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-4160(93)90040-D"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00165806"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/305719a0"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2845577"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(93)90197-T"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/357134a0"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1995.sp020708"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021603"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)89070-7"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01705543"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(95)00233-9"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.505014"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/20.11.837"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.65041515.x"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1187"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1992.sp019063"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(91)92037-K"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(88)90183-X"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)65384-0","volume":"210","author":"Sols A.","year":"1954","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1992.263.2.C502"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(88)90217-8"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(95)11439-4"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1995.74.6.2763"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1996.76.4.2343"},{"key":"B62","first-page":"310","volume":"23","author":"Tekk\u00f6k S.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abstr."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.2371"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1958.tb12625.x"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.959824"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1994.72.6.2563"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2828(08)80020-X"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2443972"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1992.tb14317.x"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.65010241.x"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1994.sp020251"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)13610-9","volume":"43","author":"Yakel J. L.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(91)90243-S"},{"key":"B74","first-page":"1734","volume":"23","author":"Zhao Y. T.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abstr."},{"key":"B75","first-page":"368","volume":"75","author":"Zhao Y. T.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/28.9.1433"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/jn.1999.81.1.174","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,29]],"date-time":"2025-06-29T05:38:33Z","timestamp":1751175513000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/jn.1999.81.1.174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,1,1]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/jn.1999.81.1.174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.1999.81.1.174","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3077","1522-1598"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0022-3077"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1522-1598"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,1,1]]}}}