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We investigated the dose-response relationship for each alcohol and determined that the order of potency was methanol &lt; EtOH \u226a octanol, with EC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>values of 291 mM, 39.7 mM, and 49.2 \u03bcM respectively. Application of either strychnine (5 \u03bcM) or bicuculline (5 \u03bcM) alone, partially but not significantly, reversed the inhibition of respiratory-related hypoglossal nerve activity produced by 50 mM EtOH. Preincubation of rhythmic slices with a combination of both strychnine and bicuculline (both 5 \u03bcM) partially, but significantly, blocked the inhibitory actions of EtOH, suggesting that other mechanisms also play a role in the action of EtOH. Preincubation of the slices with 25 \u03bcM APV reduced the relative degree of inhibition caused by EtOH suggesting that N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor-mediated events can be affected by EtOH. Furthermore inhibition of protein kinase C by incubation with 100 nM staurosporine also reduced the efficacy of EtOH. These results suggest that the actions of EtOH may be mediated via glycine, GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>, and NMDA receptors and that activation of protein kinase C is involved in the EtOH-induced inhibition of respiratory-related hypoglossal nerve activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2000.83.1.333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]],"date-time":"2017-12-21T12:32:49Z","timestamp":1513859569000},"page":"333-342","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effect of Ethanol Upon Respiratory-Related Hypoglossal Nerve Output of Neonatal Rat Brain Stem Slices"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Ian C.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-7290"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albert J.","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-7290"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)22381-3","volume":"270","author":"Aguayo L. 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