{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:02:21Z","timestamp":1792652541135,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The nature and electrophysiological properties of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-independent depolarization-activated potassium currents were investigated in vestibular primary neurons acutely isolated from postnatal mice using the whole cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. Three types of currents were identified. The first current, sensitive to TEA ( I<jats:sub>TEA<\/jats:sub>) and insensitive to 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), activated at \u221240 mV and exhibited slow activation ( \u03c4<jats:sub>ac<\/jats:sub>, 38.4 \u00b1 7.8 ms at \u221230 mV, mean \u00b1 SD). I<jats:sub>TEA<\/jats:sub>had a half activation potential [ V<jats:sub>ac(1\/2)<\/jats:sub>] of \u221214.5 \u00b1 2.6 mV and was inactivated by up to 84.5 \u00b1 5.7% by 10-s conditioning prepulses with a half inactivation potential [ V<jats:sub>inac(1\/2)<\/jats:sub>] of \u221262.4 \u00b1 0.2 mV. The second current, sensitive to 4-AP (maximum block around 0.5 mM) and to \u03b1-dendrotoxin ( I<jats:sub>DTX<\/jats:sub>) appeared at \u221260 mV. Complete block of I<jats:sub>DTX<\/jats:sub>was achieved using either 20 nM \u03b1-DTX or 50 nM margatoxin. This current activated 10 times faster than I<jats:sub>TEA<\/jats:sub>( \u03c4<jats:sub>ac<\/jats:sub>, 3.5 \u00b1 0.8 ms at \u221250 mV) with V<jats:sub>ac(1\/2)<\/jats:sub>of \u221251.2 \u00b1 0.6 mV, and inactivated only slightly compared with I<jats:sub>TEA<\/jats:sub>(maximum inactivation, 19.7 \u00b1 3.2%). The third current, also sensitive to 4-AP (maximum block at 2 mM), was selectively blocked by application of blood depressing substance (BDS-I; maximum block at 250 nM). The BDS-I\u2013sensitive current ( I<jats:sub>BDS-I<\/jats:sub>) activated around \u221260 mV. It displayed fast activation ( \u03c4<jats:sub>ac<\/jats:sub>, 2.3 \u00b1 0.4 ms at \u221250 mV) and fast and complete voltage-dependent inactivation. I<jats:sub>BDS-I<\/jats:sub>had a V<jats:sub>ac(1\/2)<\/jats:sub>of \u221231.3 \u00b1 0.4 mV and V<jats:sub>inac(1\/2)<\/jats:sub>of \u221265.8 \u00b1 0.3 mV. It displayed faster time-dependent inactivation and recovery from inactivation than I<jats:sub>TEA<\/jats:sub>. The three types of current were found in all the neurons investigated. Although I<jats:sub>TEA<\/jats:sub>was the major current, the proportion of I<jats:sub>DTX<\/jats:sub>and I<jats:sub>BDS-I<\/jats:sub>varied considerably between neurons. The ratio of the density of I<jats:sub>BDS-I<\/jats:sub>to that of I<jats:sub>DTX<\/jats:sub>ranged from 0.02 to 2.90 without correlation with the cell capacitances. In conclusion, vestibular primary neurons differ by the proportion rather than the type of the depolarization-activated potassium currents they express.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.85.3.1017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]],"date-time":"2017-12-21T10:14:09Z","timestamp":1513851249000},"page":"1017-1026","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Three Types of Depolarization-Activated Potassium Currents in Acutely Isolated Mouse Vestibular Neurons"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Chabbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale U432, Neurobiologie et D\u00e9veloppement du Syst\u00e8me Vestibulaire, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Chambard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale U432, Neurobiologie et D\u00e9veloppement du Syst\u00e8me Vestibulaire, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale U432, Neurobiologie et D\u00e9veloppement du Syst\u00e8me Vestibulaire, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Desmadryl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale U432, Neurobiologie et D\u00e9veloppement du Syst\u00e8me Vestibulaire, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-12-08011.1995"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199703240-00039"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.0141r.x"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(96)00595-7"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.12.6744"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.79.4.1814"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1992.sp018932"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1993.70.1.51"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18866","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)46707-X","volume":"268","author":"Garcia-Calvo M","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(99)00099-4"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1996.75.6.2629"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1984.51.6.1236"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-20-08789.1999"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)10594-4","volume":"45","author":"Grissmer S","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.2.493"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.91.1.73"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-06-02195.1999"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.44.27577"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(81)90090-7"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1997.78.5.2309"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1997.78.5.2321"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.11-09-02865.1991"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-20-08111.1998"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1991.66.4.1380"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(92)07008-C"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(97)01483-X"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1996.76.4.2383"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00652619"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.80.6.2824"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.0681p.x"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.t01-1-00001.x"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1986.tb11170.x"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(88)90033-4"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb11295.x"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00337114"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-09-03124.1998"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-03-00948.1998"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(88)90011-0"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(86)90345-9"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(87)90166-7"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/336379a0"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.00065.x"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-02-00579.2000"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-06-02235.1992"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.68.5.519"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/jn.2001.85.3.1017","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,29]],"date-time":"2025-06-29T03:29:15Z","timestamp":1751167755000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/jn.2001.85.3.1017"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/jn.2001.85.3.1017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.2001.85.3.1017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3077","1522-1598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3077","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]}}}