{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T04:15:22Z","timestamp":1768968922238,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Burst firing mediated by a low-threshold spike (LTS) is the hallmark of many thalamic neurons. However, postburst afterhyperpolarizations (AHPs) are relatively uncommon in thalamus. We now report data from patch-clamp recordings in rat brain slice preparations that reveal an LTS-induced slow AHP (sAHP) in thalamic paraventricular (PVT) and other midline neurons, but not in ventrobasal or reticular thalamic neurons. The LTS-induced sAHP lasts 8.9 \u00b1 0.4 s and has a novel pharmacology, with resistance to tetrodotoxin and cadmium and reduction by Ni<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>or nominally zero extracellular calcium concentration, which also attenuate both the LTS and sAHP. The sAHP is inhibited by 10 mM intracellular EGTA or by equimolar replacement of extracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>with Sr<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>, consistent with select activation of LVA T-type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>channels and subsequent Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>influx. In control media, the sAHP reverses near E<jats:sub>K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><\/jats:sub>, shifting to \u221278 mV in 10.1 mM [K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>and is reduced by Ba<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>or tetraethylammonium. Although these data are consistent with opening of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-activated K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>channels, this sAHP lacks sensitivity to specific Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-activated K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>channel blockers apamin, iberiotoxin, charybdotoxin, and UCL-2077. The LTS-induced sAHP is suppressed by a \u03b2-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol, a serotonin 5-HT<jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>receptor agonist 5-CT, a neuropeptide orexin-A, and by stimulation of the cAMP\/protein kinase A pathway with 8-Br-cAMP and forskolin. The data suggest that PVT and certain midline thalamic neurons possess an LTS-induced sAHP that is pharmacologically distinct and may be important for information transfer in thalamic\u2013limbic circuitry during states of attentiveness and motivation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.91183.2008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,26]],"date-time":"2009-03-26T01:22:37Z","timestamp":1238030557000},"page":"2741-2750","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Properties of a T-Type Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>Channel\u2013Activated Slow Afterhyperpolarization in Thalamic Paraventricular Nucleus and Other Thalamic Midline Neurons"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leo P.","family":"Renaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miloslav","family":"Kolaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00583.2003"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1989.sp017752"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019794"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2000.83.3.1756"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1063(2000)10:2<198::AID-HIPO9>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boutjdir M, M\u00e9ry PF, Hanf R, Shrier A, Fischmeister R.High affinity forskolin inhibition of L-type Ca2+current in cardiac cells.Mol Pharmacol38: 758\u2013765, 1990.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)09565-3"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3198-04.2005"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2124"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858403009003011"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.09.001"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402761101"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2001.013896"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15241.x"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/302432a0"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1472928807000313"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1997.272.6.C2005"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.11.005"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.103.060814"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1088886"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.80.3.1222"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.08.035"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.05.018"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901540307"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/299636a0"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.20.1.185"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1988.59.3.978"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01336-0"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naraghi M, Neher E.Linearized buffered Ca2+diffusion in microdomains and its implications for calculation of [Ca2+] at the mouth of a calcium channel.J Neurosci27: 6961\u20136973, 1997.","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-18-06961.1997"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2456612"},{"key":"R30","unstructured":"Paxinos G, Watson C.The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates(4th ed.). 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