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We tested the hypothesis that heating-induced splenic sympathoexcitation would alter splenic cytokine gene expression as determined using gene array and real-time RT-PCR analyses. Experiments were performed in splenic-intact and splenic-denervated anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats ( n=32). Splenic SND was increased during heating (internal temperature increased from 38\u00b0 to 41\u00b0C) in splenic-intact rats but remained unchanged in nonheated splenic-intact rats. Splenic interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and growth-regulated oncogene 1 (GRO 1) mRNA expression was higher in heated than in nonheated splenic-intact rats. Splenic IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, and GRO 1 mRNA expression was reduced in heated splenic-denervated compared with heated splenic-intact rats, but did not differ between heated splenic-denervated and nonheated splenic-intact rats. These results support the hypothesis that hyperthermia-induced activation of splenic SND enhances splenic cytokine gene expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00109.2004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,4]],"date-time":"2004-08-04T01:08:52Z","timestamp":1091581732000},"page":"175-183","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Hyperthermia-enhanced splenic cytokine gene expression is mediated by the sympathetic nervous system"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Chanran K.","family":"Ganta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Blecha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roman R.","family":"Ganta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Medicine\/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryan G.","family":"Helwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sujatha","family":"Parimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Fels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy I.","family":"Musch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Kenney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)90066-7"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pa.30.040190.003021"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00279.2002"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.24.9645"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-002-0327-x"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(94)90137-6"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200209000-00004"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bishopric NH, Cohen HJ, and Lefkowitz RJ.Beta adrenergic receptors in lymphocyte subpopulations.J Allergy Clin Immunol65: 29\u201333, 1980.","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(80)90173-6"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(89)80476-4"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1999.277.6.H2348"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00899.2001"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00717.2003"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1972.tb05158.x"},{"key":"R14","unstructured":"Elenkov IJ, Wilder RL, Chrousos GP, and Vizi ES.The sympathetic nerve\u2013an integrative interface between two supersystems: the brain and the immune system.Pharmacol Rev52: 595\u2013638, 2000."},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1987.tb00534.x"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Felten DL, Felten SY, Carlson SL, Olschowka JA, and Livnat S.Noradrenergic and peptidergic innervation of lymphoid tissue.J Immunol135: 755s-765s, 1985.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.135.2.755"},{"key":"R17","unstructured":"Felten SF, DL.Innervation of lymphoid tissue. 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