{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:35:11Z","timestamp":1791275711171,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The macrophage (M phi) lineage is more complex than other myeloid lineages of hematopoietic cells and includes strikingly different end cells such as Kupffer cells, alveolar M phi, histiocytes, serosal M phi, synovial type A cells, microglia, osteoclasts, and possibly dendritic cells. These cells are formed under the influence of primary M phi growth factors such as colony stimulating factor (CSF)-1, granulocyte-M phi (GM)-CSF, and interleukin-3. The dissection of the system has been greatly facilitated by discovery of the osteopetrotic op\/op mouse, which has a spontaneous knockout of the gene for CSF-1 and possesses generalized but differential deficiency of various local subpopulations of M phi. Studies using this model indicate that the M phi lineage is split into CSF-1-dependent and CSF-1-independent cells that are largely independently regulated. These contribute variably to different local populations and have largely, but not totally, overlapping functions. Both CSF-1 and GM-CSF are responsible for transition of cells of the M phi lineage from bone marrow to blood, and from blood to tissues, and have a critical extramedullary role. Regulation of the M phi system by CSF-1 is complex, with some local populations dependent on circulating CSF-1 and some supported exclusively by locally produced CSF-1. Colony stimulating factor-1-dependent M phi are not required for the generation of a specific immune response. Instead, most likely they play a regulatory role in various tissue reactions including responses to bacterial infection, neoplasia, and atherosclerosis. A hypothetical major role of CSF-1-independent M phi is to collaborate with lymphocytes in mounting an immune response. These issues need further exploration using animals with knockouts of genes for other M phi growth and activation factors and their receptors. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1996.76.4.927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T23:01:06Z","timestamp":1514156466000},"page":"927-947","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":125,"title":["Cytokine regulation of the macrophage (M phi) system studied using the colony stimulating factor-1-deficient op\/op mouse"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Wiktor-Jedrzejczak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Military School of Medicine, Warsaw,Poland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Military School of Medicine, Warsaw,Poland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","container-title":["Physiological Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/physrev.1996.76.4.927","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T03:06:28Z","timestamp":1567998388000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/physrev.1996.76.4.927"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/physrev.1996.76.4.927"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.1996.76.4.927","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9333","1522-1210"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9333","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1210","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]}}}