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It is for this reason that structure-function relationships and ion channel electrophysiology cannot be separated from the genetic and clinical description of ion channelopathies. Unique among reviews of this topic is that all known human hereditary diseases of voltage-gated ion channels are described covering various fields of medicine such as neurology (nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, benign neonatal convulsions, episodic ataxia, hemiplegic migraine, deafness, stationary night blindness), nephrology (X-linked recessive nephrolithiasis, Bartter), myology (hypokalemic and hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, myotonia congenita, paramyotonia, malignant hyperthermia), cardiology (LQT syndrome), and interesting parallels in mechanisms of disease emphasized. Likewise, all types of voltage-gated ion channels for cations (sodium, calcium, and potassium channels) and anions (chloride channels) are described together with all knowledge about pharmacology, structure, expression, isoforms, and encoding genes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1999.79.4.1317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T15:17:21Z","timestamp":1514128641000},"page":"1317-1372","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":445,"title":["Voltage-Gated Ion Channels and Hereditary Disease"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Frank","family":"Lehmann-Horn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Jurkat-Rott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199808000-00002"},{"key":"B1a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/73.3.250"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)32494-8","volume":"269","author":"ADACHI S.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. 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