{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:31:40Z","timestamp":1760189500678,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"A","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007155","name":"Medical Research Council Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"DeGroote Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Communications along the brain\u2010gut axis involve neural pathways\nas well as immune and endocrine mechanisms. The two\nbranches of the autonomic nervous system are integrated anatomically\nand functionally with visceral sensory pathways, and are responsible\nfor the homeostatic regulation of gut function. The\nautonomic nervous system is also a major mediator of the visceral\nresponse to central influences such as psychological stress. As defined,\nfunctional disorders comprise a constellation of symptoms,\nsome of which suggest the presence of altered perception, while\nother symptoms point to disordered gastrointestinal function as\nthe cause of the symptoms. A growing number of reports have\ndemonstrated disordered autonomic function in subgroups of\nfunctional bowel patients. While a number of different methods\nwere used to assess autonomic function, the reports point to a generally\ndecreased vagal (parasympathetic) outflow or increased\nsympathetic activity in conditions usually associated with slow or\ndecreased gastrointestinal motility, while other studies found either\nan increased cholinergic activity or a decreased sympathetic\nactivity in patients with symptoms compatible with an increased\nmotor activity. Under certain conditions, altered autonomic balance\n(including low vagal tone and increased sympathetic activity)\nmay alter visceral perception. Autonomic dysfunction may\nalso represent the physiological pathway accounting for many of\nthe extraintestinal symptoms seen in irritable bowel syndrome patients\nand some of the frequent gastrointestinal complaints reported\nby patients with disorders such as chronic fatigue and\nfibromyalgia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/1999\/707105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,10]],"date-time":"2016-05-10T21:09:06Z","timestamp":1462914546000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["The Autonomic Nervous System in Functional Bowel Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Gervais","family":"Tougas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cjgh\/1999\/707105.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/1999\/707105","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T13:57:19Z","timestamp":1722520639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/1999\/707105"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"A","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/1999\/707105"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/1999\/707105","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2291-2789","2291-2797"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2291-2789"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2291-2797"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1999-01-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}