{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:29:51Z","timestamp":1790638191218,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["953216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["953216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["970603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["970603"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000890","name":"National Multiple Sclerosis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000890","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>TNF, lymphotoxin (LT) and their receptors are expressed constitutively in the thymus. It\nremains unclear whether these cytokines play a role in normal thymic structure or function.\nWe have investigated thymocyte differentiation, selection and thymic organogenesis in gene\ntargeted mice lacking LT\u03b1, TNF, or both (TNF\/LT\u03b1<jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup>). The thymus was normal in\nTNF\/LT\u03b1<jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup> mice with regard to cell yields and stromal architecture. Detailed analysis of \u03b1\u03b2\nand \u03b3\u03b4 T cell\u2010lineage thymocyte subsets revealed no abnormalities, implying that neither TNF\nnor LT play an essential role in T cell differentiation or positive selection. The number and\ndistribution of thymic CD11c<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> dendritic cells was also normal in the absence of both TNF and\nLT\u03b1. A three\u2010fold increase in B cell numbers was observed consistently in the TNF\/LT\u03b1<jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup>\nthymus. This phenotype was due entirely to the LT\u03b1 deficiency and associated with changes\nin the hemopoietic compartment, rather than the thymic stromal compartment of LT\u03b1<jats:sup>-\/-<\/jats:sup> mice.\nFinally, specific V\u03b28<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell deletion within the thymus following intrathymic injection of\nstaphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) was TNF\/LT independent. Thus, despite the presence of\nthese cytokines and their receptors in the normal thymus, there appears no essential role for\neither TNF or LT in development of organ structure or for those processes associated with T\ncell repertoire selection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2000\/13492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,11]],"date-time":"2008-06-11T08:03:45Z","timestamp":1213171425000},"page":"61-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Increased Thymic B Cells but Maintenance of ThymicStructure, T Cell Differentiation and Negative Selectionin Lymphotoxin\u2010\u03b1 and TNF Gene\u2010Targeted Mice"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Adrian P.","family":"Grech","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. Sean","family":"Riminton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melinda J.","family":"Gabor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles L.","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathon D.","family":"Sedgwick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dale I.","family":"Godfrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jir\/2000\/013492.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2000\/13492","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T11:55:22Z","timestamp":1723118122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2000\/13492"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2000\/13492"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2000\/13492","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-8861","2314-7156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-8861","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-7156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2000-01-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}