{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:36:17Z","timestamp":1791210977729,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behavioural Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A high percentage of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) patients show cognitive impairments in addition to the cardinal motor symptoms. These deficits primarily concern executive functions most probably linked to dysfunctions in prefrontal regions due to decreased dopaminergic transmission in fronto\u2010striatal loops. To investigate possible associations between decision\u2010making and executive functions in PD, we examined 20 non\u2010demented PD patients and 20 healthy control subjects with a neuropsychological test battery and the Game of Dice Task. In this computerised decision\u2010making task, the rules for gains and losses and the winning probabilities are obvious and stable. Thus, strategic components besides feedback processing might influence decision\u2010making in this task. We found that PD patients were impaired in the Game of Dice task performance and that the frequency of disadvantageous choices correlated with both executive functions and feedback processing. We suggest that decision\u2010making deficits of PD patients in explicit gambling situations might be associated with dysfunctions in two different fronto\u2010striatal loops: the limbic\u2010orbitofrontal\u2010striatal loop, involved in feedback processing, and the dorsolateral prefrontal\u2010striatal loop, involved in executive functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2004\/578354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,5]],"date-time":"2014-01-05T13:21:47Z","timestamp":1388928107000},"page":"77-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":174,"title":["Decision\u2010Making Impairments in Patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Matthias","family":"Brand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Labudda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Kalbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00fcdiger","family":"Hilker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Emmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josef","family":"Kessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans J.","family":"Markowitsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,24]]},"container-title":["Behavioural Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bn\/2004\/578354.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2004\/578354","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T17:45:19Z","timestamp":1722361519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2004\/578354"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2004\/578354"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2004\/578354","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0953-4180","1875-8584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0953-4180","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8584","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2005-01-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2005-01-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2005-01-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}