{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:19:33Z","timestamp":1789690773757,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. To evaluate the involvement of proinflammatory and oxidative stress markers in gingival tissue in individuals with chronic periodontitis.<jats:italic>Subject and methods<\/jats:italic>. Eighteen subjects were divided in two groups: experimental (age<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"E1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>52.9<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>5.0<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and control (age<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"E2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>51.1<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>9.6<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). The activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase, nonenzymatic antioxidants: total glutathione and reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) were evaluated in gingival tissues from interproximal sites. Statistical differences between groups were determined by independent Student<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"E3\"><mml:mi>t<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>test and<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"E4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Individuals with periodontal disease exhibited a significant increase in the activities of MPO, GPx, GST, and also in TBARS and GSSG levels in gingival tissue compared to the control group (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"E5\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>).<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. The results of the present work showed an important correlation between oxidative stress biomarkers and periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/45794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,12]],"date-time":"2007-09-12T09:19:42Z","timestamp":1189588782000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Proinflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Periodontal Disease"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2007","author":[{"given":"Ivan","family":"Borges Jr.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Em\u00edlia Addison Machado","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo Wilhem","family":"Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiago Bittencourt","family":"de 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