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Non\u2010melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), encompassing basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), is the most frequent cancer in the Caucasian population, and the incidence has increased dramatically worldwide. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major risk factor for NMSC, and cutaneous HPV is also considered to play an active role during the pathogenesis of these cancers. The first evidence for the involvement of HPV in NMSC was reported in patients with Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV). HPV types detected in skin tumours of these patients are referred to as EV\/cutaneous HPV types belonging to the beta\u2010 and gamma\u2010papillomaviruses (PV). Epidemiological studies have shown a higher risk of several EV\/cutaneous HPV types for NMSC. Furthermore, <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and animal models show transforming properties of some PV types. The anti\u2010apoptotic activities, and the delay of DNA repair mechanism caused by some EV\/cutaneous HPV E6 proteins in response to UV\u2010induced mutations, may lead to the persistence of DNA\u2010damaged keratinocytes. Thus, specific EV\/cutaneous HPV types as co\u2010factors in association with UV\u2010radiation and the immune system seem to be involved in the early pathogenesis of cutaneous SCC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/942650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]],"date-time":"2013-06-13T11:34:46Z","timestamp":1371123286000},"page":"247-259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":147,"title":["Human Papillomaviruses and Non\u2010Melanoma Skin Cancer: Basic Virology and Clinical Manifestations"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ingo","family":"Nindl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Gottschling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eggert","family":"Stockfleth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,6]]},"container-title":["Disease Markers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/dm\/2007\/942650.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2007\/942650","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T21:06:05Z","timestamp":1723064765000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2007\/942650"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2007\/942650"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2007\/942650","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-0240","1875-8630"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-0240","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8630","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-06-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2007-06-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-06-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}