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More recently, we showed using event\u2010related fMRI that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DL\u2010PFC) significantly increased activity during feedback but not matching periods of the WCST, consistent with its proposed role in the monitoring of information in working memory. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a method that allows to disrupt processing within a given cortical region and to affect task performance for which this region is significantly solicited. Here we applied rTMS to test the hypothesis that the DL\u2010PFC stimulation influences monitoring of working memory without interfering with other executive functions. We applied rTMS to the right DL\u2010PFC and the vertex (control site) in different time points of the WCST. When rTMS was applied to the DL\u2010PFC specifically during the period when subjects were receiving feedback regarding their previous response, WCST performance deteriorated, while rTMS did not affect performance during matching either when maintaining set or during set\u2010shifting. This selective impairment of the DL\u2010PFC is consistent with its proposed role in monitoring of events in working memory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/143238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,28]],"date-time":"2008-02-28T14:09:52Z","timestamp":1204207792000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Affects Performance of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task during Provision of Feedback"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2008","author":[{"given":"Ji Hyun","family":"Ko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Oury","family":"Monchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Ptito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Petrides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Antonio P.","family":"Strafella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1963.00460070100010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(76)80035-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(99)00093-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-19-07733.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20742"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858404266776"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1991.0158"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(94)90074-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210000399"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2002.87.5.2577"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2007.19.6.907"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.4.847"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(01)00667-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.12.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35036239"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4"},{"volume-title":"Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain: 3-Dimensional Proportional System: \n        An Approach to Cerebral Imaging","year":"1988","author":"Talairach J.","key":"e_1_2_6_17_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(98)00096-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RC1571","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-15-j0003.2001","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human prefrontal cortex\n         induces dopamine release in the caudate nucleus","volume":"21","author":"Strafella A. 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