{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T20:25:43Z","timestamp":1773779143061,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004482","name":"Kuwait University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SS02\/06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SS02\/06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Advances in Operations Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper reviews the most relevant literature on efficient models and methods for packing circular objects\/items into Euclidean plane regions where the objects\/items and regions are either two- or three-dimensional. These packing problems are NP hard optimization problems with a wide variety of applications. They have been tackled using various approaches-based algorithms ranging from computer-aided optimality proofs, to branch-and-bound procedures, to constructive approaches, to multi-start nonconvex minimization, to billiard simulation, to multiphase heuristics, and metaheuristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/150624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,5]],"date-time":"2009-07-05T10:42:47Z","timestamp":1246790567000},"page":"1-22","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":119,"title":["A Literature Review on Circle and Sphere Packing Problems: Models and Methodologies"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2009","author":[{"given":"Mhand","family":"Hifi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Picardie Jules Verne, Laboratoire MIS, Axe Optimisation Discr\u00e8te et R\u00e9optimisation, 5 rue Moulin Neuf, 80000 Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rym","family":"M'Hallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"2","series-title":"Springer Optimization and Its Applications","first-page":"xiv+238","volume":"6","year":"2007"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2005.11.069"},{"issue":"4","key":"4","volume":"1","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Mathematics in Operational Research"},{"key":"5","first-page":"276","volume":"36","year":"2008","journal-title":"Computers & Operations Research"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2004.03.010"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025798414605"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10589-008-9194-5"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(03)00137-1"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-218X(01)00359-6"},{"key":"11","first-page":"1","volume":"2, article 1","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10898-006-9065-5"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021765131316"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-365X(93)E0230-2"},{"key":"15","series-title":"Nonconvex Optimization and Its Applications","first-page":"xvi+262","volume":"13","year":"1996"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00009306"},{"issue":"1, r16","key":"18","first-page":"1","volume":"3","year":"1996","journal-title":"The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics"},{"issue":"1, r46","key":"19","first-page":"1","volume":"7","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics"},{"key":"20","series-title":"Applied Optimization","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-0295-7_15","volume-title":"Equal circles packing in square. II. New results for up to 100 circles using the TAMSASS-PECS algorithm","volume":"59","year":"2001"},{"issue":"1","key":"21","first-page":"79","volume":"8","year":"2000","journal-title":"Central European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/S1052623403425617"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-25570-2_9"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00607-005-0155-x"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cam.2005.08.039"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/ijoc.l080.0263"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1060.0317"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2005.12.047"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-3995.00334"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0101-74382000000200009"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2003.06.018"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(95)00032-L"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(03)00417-X"},{"key":"34","series-title":"Algorithms and Combinatorics","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-55566-4_28","volume-title":"Dense packings of congruent circles in rectangles with a variable aspect ratio","volume":"25","year":"2003"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.disc.2008.03.017"},{"issue":"1","key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-6016(98)00003-3","volume":"5","year":"1998","journal-title":"International Transactions in Operational Research"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0548(03)00020-0"},{"key":"38","first-page":"33","volume":"2","year":"2002","journal-title":"Studia Informatica Universalis. International Journal on Informatics"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-3995.00404"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.jors.2601836"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0548(03)00208-9"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2007.01.054"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-3995.2008.00655.x"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2006.11.002"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10589-008-9191-8"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2008.07.003"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.67.051301"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009831621621"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.14356\/kona.2004012","volume":"22","year":"2004","journal-title":"KONA"},{"issue":"1, r33","key":"50","first-page":"1","volume":"11","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics"},{"key":"51","first-page":"47","volume-title":"Packing identical spheres into a rectangular parallelepiped","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"53","first-page":"389","volume":"11","year":"2003","journal-title":"Central European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"55","first-page":"1","volume":"2","year":"2002","journal-title":"Studia Informatica Universalis. International Journal on Informatics"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016083231326"},{"issue":"3","key":"57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03167582","volume":"21","year":"2004","journal-title":"Japan Journal of Industrial and Applied Mathematics"},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.jors.2602170"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2004.06.020"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-218X(95)00014-I"},{"key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10898-006-9084-2"},{"key":"62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10589-007-9049-5"},{"key":"63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orl.2007.03.001"},{"key":"64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(01)00241-7"},{"key":"65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:ANOR.0000039514.14699.03"},{"key":"66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2003.12.006"},{"key":"67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2005.01.003"},{"key":"68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.jors.2601836"},{"key":"69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2006.06.004"},{"key":"70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2006.10.012"},{"key":"71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2008.02.003"},{"key":"72"},{"key":"73","first-page":"1","volume":"10","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mathematica in Education and Research"},{"key":"74"}],"container-title":["Advances in Operations Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/aor\/2009\/150624.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/aor\/2009\/150624.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/aor\/2009\/150624.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,18]],"date-time":"2017-06-18T17:36:00Z","timestamp":1497807360000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/aor\/2009\/150624\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["150624","150624"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2009\/150624","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-9147","1687-9155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-9147","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-9155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}}}