{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T08:39:13Z","timestamp":1792658353388,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Heartburn (HB) and acid reflux (RF) in the non-pregnant population can cause nausea and vomiting; therefore, it is plausible that in women with nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP), HB\/RF may increase the severity of symptoms.<\/jats:p><jats:p>OBJECTIVE: To determine whether HB\/RF during pregnancy contribute to increased severity of NVP.<\/jats:p><jats:p>METHODS: A prospectively collected cohort of women who were experiencing NVP and HB, RF or both (n=194) was studied. The Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea (PUQE) scale and its Well-being scale was used to compare the severity of the study cohort\u2019s symptoms. This cohort was compared with a group of women experiencing NVP but no HB\/RF (n=188). Multiple linear regression was used to control for the effects of confounding factors.<\/jats:p><jats:p>RESULTS: Women with HB\/RF reported higher PUQE scores (9.6\u00b12.6) compared with controls (8.9\u00b12.6) (P=0.02). Similarly, Well-being scores for women experiencing HB\/RF were lower (4.3\u00b12.1) compared with controls (4.9\u00b12.0) (P=0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that increased PUQE scores (P=0.003) and decreased Well-being scores (P=0.005) were due to the presence of HB\/RF as opposed to confounding factors such as pre-existing gastrointestinal conditions\/symptoms, hyperemesis gravidarum in previous pregnancies and comorbidities.<\/jats:p><jats:p>CONCLUSION: The present cohort study is the first to demonstrate that HB\/RF are associated with increased severity of NVP. Managing HB\/RF may improve the severity of NVP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/678514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,15]],"date-time":"2016-03-15T08:02:40Z","timestamp":1458028960000},"page":"270-272","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["The Effect of Heartburn and Acid Reflux on the Severity of Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Simerpal Kaur","family":"Gill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Maltepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gideon","family":"Koren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"98","container-title":["Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cjgh\/2009\/678514.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cjgh\/2009\/678514.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T13:26:52Z","timestamp":1471958812000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/cjgh\/2009\/678514\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}},"alternative-id":["678514"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2009\/678514","relation":{},"ISSN":["0835-7900"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0835-7900","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}}}