{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T14:11:58Z","timestamp":1774793518576,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Control and preventive measures for gonococcal infections are based on precise epidemiological characteristics of<jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>isolates. In the present study the potential utility of opa-typing and ribotyping for molecular epidemiological study of consecutive gonococcal strains was determined. Sixty gonococcal isolates were subjected to ribotyping with two restriction enzymes,<jats:italic>Ava<\/jats:italic>II and<jats:italic>Hinc<\/jats:italic>II, and opa-typing with<jats:italic>Taq<\/jats:italic>I and<jats:italic>Hpa<\/jats:italic>II for epidemiological characterization of gonococcal population. Ribotyping with<jats:italic>Ava<\/jats:italic>II yielded 6 ribotype patterns while twelve RFLP patterns were observed with<jats:italic>Hinc<\/jats:italic>II. Opa-typing of the 60 isolates revealed a total 54 opa-types, which 48 were unique and 6 formed clusters. Fifty-two opa-types were observed with<jats:italic>Taq<\/jats:italic>I-digested PCR product while opa-typing with<jats:italic>Hpa<\/jats:italic>II demonstrated 54 opa-types. The opa-types from isolates that were epidemiologically unrelated were distinct, whereas those from the sexual contacts were identical. The results showed that opa-typing is highly useful for characterizing gonococcal strains from sexual contacts and has more discriminatory than ribotyping that could differentiate between gonococci of the same ribotype. The technique even with a single restriction enzyme has a high level of discrimination (99.9%) between epidemiologically unrelated isolates. In conclusion, the molecular methods such as opa-typing and ribotyping can be used for epidemiological characterization of gonococcal strains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/934823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,16]],"date-time":"2009-09-16T16:08:09Z","timestamp":1253117289000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Molecular Typing of<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>Isolates by Opa-Typing and Ribotyping in New Delhi, India"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2009","author":[{"given":"Pejvak","family":"Khaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran"},{"name":"Microbiology Department, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Preena","family":"Bhalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India"},{"name":"D 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