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We investigated AT expressions of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1, CD68 (macrophage cell surface receptor), caspase-3, and Bax, and their relationships to the metabolic phenotype in nine cachectic, 12 normal-weight, 12 overweight, and 11 obese patients with COPD (age<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mn>62.3<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>7.2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>years). With increasing body mass index, increases in AT expressions of IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, and CD68 were observed (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>;<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>.005<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>;<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, resp.), in association with reduced insulin sensitivity (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). No differences were observed between cachectic and normal-weight patients in AT expressions of inflammatory or proapoptotic markers. Adipose tissue CD68 and TNF-\u03b1 expressions predicted insulin sensitivity independently of known confounders (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>.005<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>;<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>.025<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>;<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:msup><mml:mi>R<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msup><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.840<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Our results suggest that AT inflammation in obese COPD patients relates to insulin resistance. Cachectic patients remain insulin sensitive, with no AT upregulation of inflammatory or proapoptotic markers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/173498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,21]],"date-time":"2010-12-21T14:36:41Z","timestamp":1292942201000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Metabolic Phenotype and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2010","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Skyba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University and L. 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