{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T12:19:10Z","timestamp":1773145150487,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:italic>. Close therapeutic drug monitoring of Cyclosporine (CsA) in transplant outpatients is a favourable procedure to maintain the long-term blood drug levels within their respective narrow therapeutic ranges. Compared to basal levels (C<\/mml:mtext>0<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), CsA peak levels (C<\/mml:mtext>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) are more predictive for transplant rejection. However, the application ofC<\/mml:mtext>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>levels is hampered by the precise time of blood sampling and the need of qualified personnel. Therefore, we evaluated a newC<\/mml:mtext>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>self-obtained blood sampling in transplant outpatients using dried capillary and venous blood samples and compared the CsA levels, stability, and clinical practicability of the different procedures.Methods<\/jats:italic>. 55 solid organ transplant recipients were instructed to use single-handed sampling of each 50\u03bc<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>L capillary blood and dried blood spots by finger prick using standard finger prick devices. We used standardized EDTA-coated capillary blood collection systems and standardized filter paper WS 903. CsA was determined by LC-MS\/MS. The patients and technicians also answered a questionnaire on the procedure and sample quality.Results<\/jats:italic>. TheC<\/mml:mtext>0<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>andC<\/mml:mtext>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>levels from capillary blood collection systems (C<\/mml:mtext>0<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>[ng\/mL]:114.5<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>44.5<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>;C<\/mml:mtext>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>:578.2<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>222.2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and capillary dried blood (C<\/mml:mtext>0<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>[ng\/mL]:175.4<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>137.7<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>;C<\/mml:mtext>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>:743.1<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>368.1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) significantly(<\/mml:mo>P<\/mml:mi><<\/mml:mo>.01<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow>)<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>correlated with the drug levels of the venous blood samples (C<\/mml:mtext>0<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>[ng\/mL]:97.8<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>37.4<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>;C<\/mml:mtext>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>:511.2<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>201.5<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). The correlation atC<\/mml:mtext>0<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>was\u03c1<\/mml:mi>cap<\/mml:mtext>.-ven<\/mml:mtext>.<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>= 0.749, and\u03c1<\/mml:mi>dried blood-ven<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>= 0.432; atC<\/mml:mtext>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub>:\u2009\u2009<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>\u03c1<\/mml:mi>cap<\/mml:mtext>.-ven<\/mml:mtext>.<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>= 0.861 and\u03c1<\/mml:mi>dried blood-ven<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>= 0.711. The patients preferred the dried blood sampling because of the more simple and less painful procedure. Additionally, the sample quality of self-obtained dried blood spots for LC-MS\/MS analytics was superior to the respective capillary blood samples.Conclusions<\/jats:italic>.C<\/mml:mtext>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>self-obtained dried blood sampling can easily be performed by transplant outpatients and is therefore suitable and cost-effective for close therapeutic drug monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/201918","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,27]],"date-time":"2010-06-27T14:35:44Z","timestamp":1277649344000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Potential of Dried Blood Self-Sampling for CyclosporineC<\/mml:mtext>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>Monitoring in Transplant Outpatients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2010","author":[{"given":"Alexander Benedikt","family":"Leichtle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uta","family":"Ceglarek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"Witzigmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Clinic and Policlinic II, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G\u00e1bor","family":"G\u00e4bel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Clinic and Policlinic II, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Thiery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georg Martin","family":"Fiedler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2005.12.005"},{"issue":"6","key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200203270-00022","volume":"73","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"3","key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0012.1998.tb01098.x","volume":"12","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clinical 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