{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T11:46:50Z","timestamp":1789559210787,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DE017889"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DE017889"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DE017889"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DE017889"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and polarized Raman spectroscopy (PRS) have been shown as useful methods for distinguishing sound enamel from carious lesions<jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>. However, factors in the oral environment such as calculus, hypocalcification, and stain could lead to false-positive results. OCT and PRS were used to investigate extracted human teeth clinically examined for sound enamel, white spot lesion (WSL), calculus, hypocalcification, and stain to determine whether these factors would confound WSL detection with these optical methods. Results indicate that OCT allowed differentiating caries from sound enamel, hypocalcification, and stain, with calculus deposits recognizable on OCT images. ANOVA and post-hoc unequal N HSD analyses to compare the mean Raman depolarization ratios from the various groups showed that the mean values were statistically significant at<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>, except for several comparison pairs. With the current PRS analysis method, the mean depolarization ratios of stained enamel and caries are not significantly different due to the sloping background in the stained enamel spectra. Overall, calculus and hypocalcification are not confounding factors affecting WSL detection using OCT and PRS. Stain does not influence WSL detection with OCT. Improved PRS analysis methods are needed to differentiate carious from stained enamel.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/879252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,21]],"date-time":"2010-06-21T02:17:55Z","timestamp":1277086675000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Determining the Effect of Calculus, Hypocalcification, and Stain on Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Polarized Raman Spectroscopy for Detecting White Spot Lesions"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2010","author":[{"given":"Amanda","family":"Huminicki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3E 0W2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3E 0W2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blaine","family":"Cleghorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Clinic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, 5981 University Avenue, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 3J5"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Sowa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biodiagnostics, National Research Council Canada, 435 Ellice Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3B 1Y6"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Hewko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biodiagnostics, National Research Council Canada, 435 Ellice Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3B 1Y6"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin-P'ing","family":"Choo-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3E 0W2"},{"name":"Institute for Biodiagnostics, National Research Council Canada, 435 Ellice Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3B 1Y6"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1159\/000259635","volume":"4","year":"1970","journal-title":"Caries Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1999.tb01989.x","volume":"27","year":"1999","journal-title":"Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cden.2008.10.003"},{"issue":"12","key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2006.0113","volume":"137","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the American Dental Association"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2006.06.001"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000047485"},{"issue":"10","key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2004.0051","volume":"135","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of the American Dental Association"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910408301S18"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1606685"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910408301S17"},{"issue":"6","key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.3.000230","volume":"3","year":"1998","journal-title":"Optics Express"},{"issue":"4","key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1509752","volume":"7","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Optics"},{"key":"15","volume":"86,sp. issue a,abs. 1703","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"16","first-page":"913","volume":"74","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of the Canadian Dental Association"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OPEX.14.000203"},{"issue":"4","key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1177\/08959374970110042301","volume":"11","year":"1997","journal-title":"Advances in Dental Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"19","volume":"10","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Optics"},{"issue":"2","key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1177\/154411130201300206","volume":"13","year":"2002","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4800959","volume":"190","year":"2001","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345860650031301","volume":"65","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1366\/000370207782597003"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1366\/000370202760171491"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijd\/2010\/879252.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijd\/2010\/879252.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijd\/2010\/879252.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]],"date-time":"2019-05-30T03:45:28Z","timestamp":1559187928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijd\/2010\/879252\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["879252","879252"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2010\/879252","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-8728","1687-8736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-8728","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-8736","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}}}