{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:57:21Z","timestamp":1791262641151,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Host-parasite interactions in the\n                    <jats:italic>E. multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    -intermediate host model depend on a subtle balance between cellular immunity, which is responsible for host's resistance towards the metacestode, the larval stage of the parasite, and tolerance induction and maintenance. The pathological features of alveolar echinococcosis. the disease caused by\n                    <jats:italic>E. multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , are related both to parasitic growth and to host's immune response, leading to fibrosis and necrosis, The disease spectrum is clearly dependent on the genetic background of the host as well as on acquired disturbances of Th1-related immunity. The laminated layer of the metacestode, and especially its carbohydrate components, plays a major role in tolerance induction. Th2-type and anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-10 and TGF-\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                      <mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    , as well as nitric oxide, are involved in the maintenance of tolerance and partial inhibition of cytotoxic mechanisms. Results of studies in the experimental mouse model and in patients suggest that immune modulation with cytokines, such as interferon-\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                      <mml:mi>\u03b1<\/mml:mi>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    , or with specific antigens could be used in the future to treat patients with alveolar echinococcosis and\/or to prevent this very severe parasitic disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/923193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,21]],"date-time":"2010-03-21T11:30:16Z","timestamp":1269171016000},"page":"1-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":142,"title":["<i>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/i>\n                    and Its Intermediate Host: A Model of Parasite-Host Interplay"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2010","author":[{"given":"Dominique Ang\u00e8le","family":"Vuitton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO-Collaborating Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis, CHU de Besan\u00e7on and Universit\u00e9 de Franche-Comt\u00e9, Place Saint Jacques, 25030 Besan\u00e7on, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Gottstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Parasitology, University of Bern, L\u00e4nggasstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(02)00230-9"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2005.11.007"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2008.03.002"},{"issue":"2","key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-004-0004-2","volume":"26","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clinical Reviews in Allergy and Immunology"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02107-06"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000452"},{"issue":"12","key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01951932","volume":"40","year":"1984","journal-title":"Experientia"},{"issue":"2","key":"8","first-page":"373","volume":"82","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"9","first-page":"378","volume":"82","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360050466"},{"issue":"2","key":"11","first-page":"245","volume":"96","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(76)90008-4"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(92)90056-Q"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2004.01885.x"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(92)90075-V"},{"issue":"5515","key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1038\/256318a0","volume":"256","year":"1975","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.36.1.191","volume":"36","year":"1992","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300426"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000054230.63568.79"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(97)70364-0"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-004-3134-9"},{"issue":"3","key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0903.020341","volume":"9","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1994.51.837","volume":"51","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"issue":"1","key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.23","volume":"66","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1159\/000058670","volume":"66","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chemical Immunology"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-002-0659-7"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.10.6074-6083.2001"},{"issue":"1","key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken1952.47.65","volume":"47","year":"1994","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182098002406"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(99)00177-0"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.1.527-536.2004"},{"issue":"9","key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3682","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.64.9.3682-3687.1996","volume":"64","year":"1996","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M107161200"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2009.02.019"},{"issue":"3","key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/S0176-6724(88)80026-9","volume":"268","year":"1988","journal-title":"Zentralblatt f\u00fcr Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie, und Hygiene. Series A"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.7.3350-3352.2004"},{"issue":"2","key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(88)90162-4","volume":"31","year":"1988","journal-title":"Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology"},{"issue":"2","key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(89)90187-4","volume":"36","year":"1989","journal-title":"Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology"},{"issue":"1","key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1995.52.41","volume":"52","year":"1995","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(91)90108-I"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1997.4190"},{"issue":"2","key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1997.d01-183.x","volume":"19","year":"1997","journal-title":"Parasite Immunology"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2000.01309.x"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0141-9838.2004.00724.x"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(97)00208-9"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2003.10.003"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.09.023"},{"issue":"1","key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00389828","volume":"48","year":"1975","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Parasitenkunde"},{"issue":"1","key":"49","first-page":"95","volume":"71","year":"1978","journal-title":"Bulletin de la Societe de Pathologie Exotique et de ses Filiales"},{"issue":"1","key":"50","first-page":"1","volume":"33","year":"1977","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(81)90104-1","volume":"51","year":"1981","journal-title":"Experimental Parasitology"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200300487"},{"issue":"8","key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3779","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.8.3779","volume":"158","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-006-0237-5"},{"key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2006.05.008"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2008.08.020"},{"key":"57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2005.11.003"},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00135-0"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.2116"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08830180215017"},{"key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2005.12.011"},{"key":"62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2007.07.008"},{"key":"63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00208-X"},{"key":"64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0147-9571(96)00019-7"},{"key":"65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.2001.00374.x"},{"key":"66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2006.00836.x"},{"key":"67","first-page":"128","volume":"90","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chemical Immunology and Allergy"},{"key":"68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/586709"},{"key":"69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1497"},{"issue":"5","key":"70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.63.5.1688-1697.1995","volume":"63","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"issue":"4","key":"71","first-page":"401","volume":"8","year":"1997","journal-title":"European Cytokine Network"},{"key":"72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00273-7"},{"issue":"8","key":"73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1997.d01-385.x","volume":"2","year":"1997","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine and International Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1991.45.734","volume":"45","year":"1991","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(95)90449-2"},{"issue":"9","key":"76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1996.tb01030.x","volume":"18","year":"1996","journal-title":"Parasite Immunology"},{"issue":"6","key":"77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(92)90153-X","volume":"13","year":"1992","journal-title":"Immunology Today"},{"key":"78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2000.01308.x"},{"key":"79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(99)00027-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"80","first-page":"412","volume":"79","year":"1993","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"5","key":"81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.147.5.1659","volume":"147","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(02)00218-8"},{"issue":"6","key":"83","first-page":"361","volume":"22","year":"2004","journal-title":"Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi"},{"issue":"5","key":"84","first-page":"333","volume":"24","year":"2006","journal-title":"Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi"},{"key":"85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03142.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1998053231","volume":"5","year":"1998","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1998.00131.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1086\/516316","volume":"26","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1086\/520157","volume":"29","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxh005"},{"issue":"1","key":"91","first-page":"67","volume":"78","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"key":"92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.1998.0432"},{"issue":"1","key":"93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1983.tb00723.x","volume":"5","year":"1983","journal-title":"Parasite Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(89)90166-5","volume":"69","year":"1989","journal-title":"Experimental Parasitology"},{"key":"95","first-page":"143","volume":"12","year":"2002","journal-title":"Baltic Journal of Laboratory Animal Science"},{"key":"96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1999.00723.x"},{"key":"97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2004.03.002"},{"key":"98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2003.01567.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"99","first-page":"461","volume":"5","year":"1994","journal-title":"European Cytokine Network"},{"key":"100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1999.00245.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00927740","volume":"72","year":"1986","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Parasitenkunde"},{"key":"102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v111.pm8698196"},{"issue":"4","key":"103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840150408","volume":"15","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"104","first-page":"247","volume":"71","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"issue":"3","key":"105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200012030-00011","volume":"12","year":"2000","journal-title":"European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.167.5.1737","volume":"167","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-029X.40933","volume":"7","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology"},{"issue":"6","key":"108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3892","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.6.3892","volume":"175","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761997000800013","volume":"92","year":"1997","journal-title":"Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"2","key":"110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(83)90073-5","volume":"56","year":"1983","journal-title":"Experimental Parasitology"},{"key":"111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-009-1549-z"},{"issue":"12","key":"112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6560","volume":"103","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"issue":"1","key":"113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.154.1.3880602","volume":"154","year":"1985","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-007-6133-9"},{"issue":"2","key":"115","first-page":"124","volume":"14","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterologie Clinique et Biologique"},{"issue":"3","key":"116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1987.36.576","volume":"36","year":"1987","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2007.01834.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1998.tb02275.x","volume":"52","year":"1998","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"issue":"3","key":"119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.74.487","volume":"74","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"120","first-page":"263s","volume":"21","year":"2000","journal-title":"Revue de Medecine Interne"},{"key":"121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2370.2003.00375.x"},{"key":"122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00517-0"},{"key":"123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.7.3969-3972.2002"},{"key":"124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2009.06.009"},{"key":"125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(02)00219-X"},{"key":"126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.09.023"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2010\/923193.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2010\/923193.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2010\/923193.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T23:52:04Z","timestamp":1685490724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2010\/923193\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"references-count":126,"alternative-id":["923193","923193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2010\/923193","relation":{},"ISSN":["1110-7243","1110-7251"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1110-7243","type":"print"},{"value":"1110-7251","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}}}