{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T18:58:55Z","timestamp":1761418735281,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Serum tumor markers are useful to evaluate a cancer's response to treatment, for early detection of cancer relapse, and, in some cases, to diagnose malignancy. In this paper, we present two patients with significantly elevated serum tumor markers<jats:italic>without<\/jats:italic>evidence of malignant disease. An 18-year-old patient suffering from autoimmune hepatitis had markedly increased alpha-fetoprotein (aFP) levels (2,002\u2009\u03bcg\/L; normal &lt;10\u2009ug\/L). Extensive imaging showed no signs of hepatocellular carcinoma or other cancer, and treatment with Prednisone led to rapid normalization of both liver enzymes and aFP. The second patient, a 60-year-old female with painless jaundice due to biliary stone disease, had very high serum levels of CA19-9 (18,000\u2009kU\/L, normal &lt;27\u2009kU\/L). Liver biochemistry and serum CA19-9 concentration decreased to almost normal values (45\u2009kU\/L) after biliary stenting. These cases demonstrate that serum tumor markers can be elevated in benign disease and are therefore not appropriate to diagnose cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/123743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T19:14:34Z","timestamp":1308338074000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Two Patients with Extremely Elevated Tumor Markers: Where Is the Malignancy?"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2011","author":[{"given":"Patrick P. J.","family":"van der Veek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, and Hepatology, Medisch Centrum Haaglanden, P.O. Box 432, 2501 CK The Hague, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wouter H.","family":"de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Isala Clinics, P.O. 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