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Since adult worms cause pathology in lymphatic filariasis (LF), it is imperative to discover macrofilaricidal drugs for the treatment of the infection. Endosymbiotic<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>in filariae have emerged as a new target for antibiotics which can lead to macrofilaricidal effects. In Ghana, a pilot study was carried out with 39 LF-infected men; 12 were treated with 200\u2009mg doxycycline\/day for 4 weeks, 16 were treated with a combination of 200\u2009mg doxycycline\/day + 10\u2009mg\/kg\/day rifampicin for 2 weeks, and 11 patients received placebo. Patients were monitored for<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>and microfilaria loads, antigenaemia, and filarial dance sign (FDS). Both 4-week doxycycline and the 2-week combination treatment reduced<jats:italic>Wolbachia<\/jats:italic>load significantly. At 18 months posttreatment, four-week doxycycline resulted in 100% adult worm loss, and the 2-week combination treatment resulted in a 50% adult worm loss. In conclusion, this pilot study with a combination of 2-week doxycycline and rifampicin demonstrates moderate macrofilaricidal activity against<jats:italic>W. bancrofti<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/201617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,22]],"date-time":"2011-05-22T15:33:08Z","timestamp":1306078388000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Macrofilaricidal Activity in<i>Wuchereria bancrofti<\/i>after 2 Weeks Treatment with a Combination of Rifampicin plus Doxycycline"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2011","author":[{"given":"Alexander Yaw","family":"Debrah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, UPO, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana"},{"name":"Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, UPO, PMB, Kumasi, 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