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IRIS is an important complication that occurs during management of HIV-TB coinfection and it poses difficulty in diagnosis. Previous studies have reported variable incidence of IRIS. The present study was undertaken to describe the pattern of TB-associated IRIS using recently proposed consensus case-definitions for TB-IRIS for its use in resource-limited settings.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. A prospective analysis of ART-na\u00efve adults started on HAART from November, 2008 to May, 2010 was done in a tertiary care hospital in north India. A total 224 patients divided into two groups, one with HIV-TB and the other with HIV alone, were followedup for a minimum period of 3 months. The diagnosis of TB was categorised as \u2018\u2018definitive\u2019\u2019 and \u2018\u2018probable\u2019\u2019.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Out of a total of 224 patients, 203 completed followup. Paradoxical TB-IRIS occurred in 5 of 123 (4%) HIV-TB patients while 6 of 80 (7.5%) HIV patients developed ART-associated TB. A reduction in plasma viral load was significantly (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>.016<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) associated with paradoxical TB-IRIS. No identifiable risk factors were associated with the development of ART-associated TB.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. The consensus case-definitions are useful tools in the diagnosis of TB-associated IRIS. High index of clinical suspicion is required for an early diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/239021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]],"date-time":"2010-12-01T19:36:13Z","timestamp":1291232173000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Clinical Characteristics of Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in North Indian Population of HIV\/AIDS Patients Receiving HAART"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2011","author":[{"given":"Suman","family":"Karmakar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surendra K.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Department of 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