{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T09:09:45Z","timestamp":1775120985071,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Reconfigurable Computing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper deals with an FPGA implementation of a high performance FM modulator and demodulator for software defined radio (SDR) system. The individual component of proposed FM modulator and demodulator has been optimized in such a way that the overall design consists of a high-speed, area optimized and low-power features. The modulator and demodulator contain an optimized direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) based on quarter-wave symmetry technique for generating the carrier frequency with spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) of more than 64\u2009dB. The FM modulator uses pipelined version of the DDFS to support the up conversion in the digital domain. The proposed FM modulator and demodulator has been implemented and tested using XC2VP30-7ff896 FPGA as a target device and can operate at a maximum frequency of 334.5\u2009MHz and 131\u2009MHz involving around 1.93\u2009K and 6.4\u2009K equivalent gates for FM modulator and FM demodulator respectively. After applying a 10\u2009KHz triangular wave input and by setting the system clock frequency to 100\u2009MHz using Xpower the power has been calculated. The FM modulator consumes 107.67\u2009mW power while FM demodulator consumes 108.67\u2009mW power for the same input running at same data rate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/342532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,25]],"date-time":"2011-12-25T16:00:26Z","timestamp":1324828826000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A New High-Performance Digital FM Modulator and Demodulator for Software-Defined Radio and Its FPGA Implementation"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2011","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3422-7655","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Indranil","family":"Hatai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India"}]},{"given":"Indrajit","family":"Chakrabarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1109\/11.566831","volume":"43","year":"1997","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10470-008-9184-7"},{"key":"8","year":"2003"},{"issue":"1","key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOM.1974.1092067","volume":"22","year":"1974","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Communications"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/82.476180"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/30.125075"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2207","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1968.tb01083.x","volume":"47","year":"1968","journal-title":"Bell System Technical Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOM.1972.1091166","volume":"20","year":"1972","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions Communications"},{"key":"17","year":"1998"},{"key":"18","year":"1996"},{"key":"19","year":"1997"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/92.238424"},{"issue":"1","key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1109\/TAU.1971.1162151","volume":"19","year":"1971","journal-title":"IEEE Transaction on Audio and Electroacoustics"},{"issue":"4","key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.1984.1052173","volume":"19","year":"1984","journal-title":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/4.104190"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/4.826821"},{"issue":"21","key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1049\/el:19961298","volume":"32","year":"1996","journal-title":"Electronics Letters"},{"issue":"10","key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1109\/82.539001","volume":"43","year":"1996","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing"},{"issue":"6","key":"39","first-page":"1282","volume":"83","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Reconfigurable Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijrc\/2011\/342532.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijrc\/2011\/342532.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijrc\/2011\/342532.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]],"date-time":"2017-06-20T07:54:05Z","timestamp":1497945245000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ijrc\/2011\/342532\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["342532","342532"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2011\/342532","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-7195","1687-7209"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-7195","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-7209","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}}}