{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:47:12Z","timestamp":1791247632588,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,26]],"date-time":"2011-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1306368000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Several clinical studies have demonstrated that the humanized anti-interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor antibody tocilizumab (TCZ) improves clinical symptoms and prevents progression of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the precise mechanism by which IL-6 blockade leads to the improvement of RA is not well understood. IL-6 promotes synovitis by inducing neovascularization, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and synovial hyperplasia. IL-6 causes bone resorption by inducing osteoclast formation via the induction of RANKL in synovial cells, and cartilage degeneration by producing matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in synovial cells and chondrocytes. Moreover, IL-6 is involved in autoimmunity by altering the balance between T\n                    <jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>\n                    17 cells and T\n                    <jats:sub>reg<\/jats:sub>\n                    . IL-6 also acts on changing lipid concentrations in blood and on inducing the production of hepcidin which causes iron-deficient anemia. In conclusion, IL-6 is a major player in the pathogenesis of RA, and current evidence indicates that the blockade of IL-6 is a beneficial therapy for RA patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/765624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,26]],"date-time":"2011-05-26T15:33:22Z","timestamp":1306424002000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":173,"title":["The Roles of Interleukin-6 in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2011","author":[{"given":"Misato","family":"Hashizume","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Product Research Department, Fuji-Gotemba Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8513, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiko","family":"Mihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Product Research Department, Fuji-Gotemba Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical 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