{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T11:24:28Z","timestamp":1791890668248,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of many chronic inflammatory lung diseases. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collection is a noninvasive method to investigate pulmonary oxidative stress biomarkers such as malondialdehyde (MDA).<jats:italic>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:italic>. We measured MDA levels in EBC in a large number of patients (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>194<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) with respiratory diseases: asthma (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>64<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), bronchiectasis (BE,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>19<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>73<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>38<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). Fourteen healthy nonsmoking subjects were included as controls.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Excluding IPF subjects, MDA levels were significantly higher in all disease groups than in control group. MDA was significantly higher in COPD than asthmatic and BE subjects. Among asthmatics, corticosteroids-treated subjects had lower MDA levels than untreated subjects. COPD subjects showed an inverse correlation between MDA concentrations and FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>% (rho:\u2009<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>\u2212<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.24<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>).<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. EBC-MDA is increased in subjects with chronic airway disorders, particularly in COPD, and it is related to FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>reduction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/891752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,21]],"date-time":"2011-06-21T02:40:15Z","timestamp":1308624015000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Malondialdehyde in Exhaled Breath Condensate as a Marker of Oxidative Stress in Different Pulmonary Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2011","author":[{"given":"M. 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