{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T07:40:02Z","timestamp":1722325202671},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Supplemental oxygen is routinely given via nasal cannula (NC) to patients undergoing moderate sedation for endoscopy. Some patients complain of profuse rhinorrhea and\/or sneezing after the procedure, which results in additional medical costs and patient dissatisfaction.<\/jats:p><jats:p>OBJECTIVES: To determine the causal relationship between the route of oxygen delivery and troublesome nasal symptoms, and to seek possible solutions.<\/jats:p><jats:p>METHODS: Patients (n=836) were randomly assigned to one of the three following groups: the NC group (n=294), the trimmed NC (TNC) group (n=268) and the nasal mask (NM) group (n=274). All received alfentanil 12.5 \u03bcg\/kg and midazolam 0.06 mg\/kg, and adjunct propofol for sedation. Supplemental oxygen at a flow rate of 4 L\/min was used in the NC and TNC groups, and 6 L\/min in the NM group. The incidence of nasal symptoms and hypoxia were assessed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>RESULTS: The incidence of rhinitis symptoms was significantly higher in the NC group (7.1%) than in the TNC (0.4%) and NM (0%) groups (P&lt;0.001). The incidence of hypoxia was lower in the NC group (3.1%) (P=0.040). All hypoxia events were transient (ie, less than 30 s in duration). On spirometry, the mean value of the lowest saturation of peripheral oxygen was found to be significantly lower in the NM group (96.8%) than in the NC group (97.7%) (P=0.004).<\/jats:p><jats:p>CONCLUSIONS: Trimming the NC or using NMs reduced the incidence of rhinitis symptoms; however, the incidence of hypoxia was higher. Further investigation regarding the efficiency of oxygen supplementation is warranted in the design of novel oxygen delivery devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/986130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,15]],"date-time":"2016-03-15T08:09:50Z","timestamp":1458029390000},"page":"68-72","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Simple, Innovative Way to Reduce Rhinitis Symptoms After Sedation during Endoscopy"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Nai-Liang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiang-Chung","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Che-Chang","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Ju","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hung-Chang","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsun-I","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Ling","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,2]]},"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cjgh\/2011\/986130.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2011\/986130","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T07:24:20Z","timestamp":1722324260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2011\/986130"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,2]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2011\/986130"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2011\/986130","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2291-2789","2291-2797"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2291-2789"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2291-2797"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-06-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-09-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-09-02","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}