{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:22:12Z","timestamp":1792653732720,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001590","name":"Health Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GHRA07\/09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GHRA07\/09"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001590","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008799","name":"Gilead Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GHRA07\/09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GHRA07\/09"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008799","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001713","name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GHRA07\/09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GHRA07\/09"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Treatment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We investigated the effect of food on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of a proprietary fixed-dose combination (FDC) tablet containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)\/emtricitabine\/efavirenz. Fifteen Ugandan HIV-1 patients at steady-state dosing with TDF\/emtricitabine\/efavirenz were admitted for 24-hour intensive pharmacokinetic sampling after dosing in the fasting state. Blood sampling was repeated seven days later with TDF\/emtricitabine\/efavirenz administered with food (19\u2009g fat). Drug concentrations in plasma were determined by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Geometric mean ratios (GMRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) of parameters were calculated (reference, fasting). For efavirenz, GMRs (90% CIs) for<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>C<\/mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>max<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>AUC<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>24<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>, and<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>24<\/jats:sub>were 1.47 (1.24\u20131.75), 1.13 (1.03\u20131.23), and 1.01 (0.91\u20131.11), respectively. Corresponding GMRs were 1.04 (0.84\u20131.27), 1.19 (1.10\u20131.29), and 0.99 (0.82\u20131.19) for tenofovir, 0.83 (0.76\u20130.92), 0.87 (0.78\u20130.97), and 0.91 (0.73\u20131.14) for emtricitabine. Stable patients may take the FDC without meal restrictions. The FDC should be taken without food by patients experiencing central nervous system toxicities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/105980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,20]],"date-time":"2012-02-20T16:01:09Z","timestamp":1329753669000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effect of Food on the Steady-State Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir and Emtricitabine plus Efavirenz in Ugandan Adults"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Lamorde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Byakika-Kibwika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Network for Treatment and Research in Africa, Plot 537, Tufnell Drive, Mulago Hill, P.O. Box 70345, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William S.","family":"Tamale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Clinical Research Centre, P.O. Box 10005, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Kiweewa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Clinical Research Centre, P.O. Box 10005, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mairin","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alieu","family":"Amara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Tjia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Back","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saye","family":"Khoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Boffito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Stephen's Centre, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cissy","family":"Kityo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Clinical Research Centre, P.O. Box 10005, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Concepta","family":"Merry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Network for Treatment and Research in Africa, Plot 537, Tufnell Drive, Mulago Hill, P.O. Box 70345, Kampala, Uganda"},{"name":"Department of Genitourinary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, St James's Hospitals, Dublin 8, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","volume-title":"Guidance for industry","year":"2002"},{"key":"3","year":"2010"},{"key":"4","year":"2009"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181427835"},{"key":"6","year":"2010"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010340"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200101050-00011"},{"issue":"10","key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-143-10-200511150-00008","volume":"143","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"18","key":"13","first-page":"2391","volume":"18","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/655470"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199936040-00004"},{"key":"16","year":"2003"},{"issue":"7","key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.7.1568","volume":"42","year":"1998","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200443090-00003"}],"container-title":["AIDS Research and Treatment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/art\/2012\/105980.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/art\/2012\/105980.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/art\/2012\/105980.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,23]],"date-time":"2019-06-23T21:06:33Z","timestamp":1561323993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/art\/2012\/105980\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["105980","105980"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/105980","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-1240","2090-1259"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-1240","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-1259","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}