{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T15:48:27Z","timestamp":1746805707180,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["074679\/Z\/04\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["074679\/Z\/04\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["074679\/Z\/04\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["074679\/Z\/04\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Tropical Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Immune responses to oral vaccines are impaired in populations living in conditions of poverty in developing countries, and there is evidence that concurrent geohelminth infections may contribute to this effect. We vaccinated 48 children living in rural communities in Ecuador with a single oral dose of 100\u2009mg of BCG Moreau RDJ and measured the frequencies of tuberculin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells expressing IFN-<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>\u03b3<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>before and after vaccination. Vaccinated children had active ascariasis<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>20<\/mml:mn><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>or had been infected but received short-<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>13<\/mml:mn><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>or long-term<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>15<\/mml:mn><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>repeated treatments with albendazole prior to vaccination to treat ascariasis. All children had a BCG scar from neonatal vaccination. There was no evidence of a boosting of postvaccination IFN-<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>\u03b3<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>responses in any of the 3 study groups. Our data provide support for the presence of a barrier to oral vaccination among children from the rural tropics that appeared to be independent of concurrent ascariasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/132583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,11]],"date-time":"2012-01-11T21:02:53Z","timestamp":1326315773000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Single Dose of Oral BCG Moreau Fails to Boost Systemic IFN-<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>\u03b3<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>Responses to Tuberculin in Children in the Rural Tropics: Evidence for a Barrier to Mucosal Immunization"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Maritza","family":"Vaca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3nes FEPIS, Esmeraldas Quinind\u00e9, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana-Lucia","family":"Moncayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3nes FEPIS, Esmeraldas Quinind\u00e9, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine A.","family":"Cosgrove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine Centre, St George\u2019s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 ORE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martha E.","family":"Chico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3nes FEPIS, Esmeraldas Quinind\u00e9, Ecuador"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular, Hospital de Los Valles, Via Interoceanica Km 12.5, Cumbay\u00e1, Quito, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiz R.","family":"Castello-Branco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundacao Ataulpho de Paiva, Avenida Pedro II, 226 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