{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T19:55:52Z","timestamp":1762458952496,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Eppendorfer Krebs- und Leuk\u00e4miehilfe"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005677","name":"Deutsche Jos\u00e9 Carreras Leuk\u00e4mie-Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000884","name":"Cancer Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000884","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical and Developmental Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Multiple myeloma (MM) and its therapies may induce a severely compromised humoral immunity. We have performed a longitudinal analysis of IgG-antibody responses against influenza virus (FLU) and tetanus toxoid (TT) as surrogate markers for the B cell-mediated immunity in MM patients.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. 1094 serum samples of 190\u2009MM patients and samples from 100 healthy donors were analyzed by ELISA for FLU- and TT-specific antibodies.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. MM patients evidenced lower levels of FLU- and TT-specific antibodies than healthy controls (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). Immunoreactivity decreased with progressing disease and worsening clinical status. Levels of FLU- and TT-specific antibodies increased shortly (0-6 months) after alloSCT (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), a time-period during which intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is routinely applied. Thereafter, antibody concentrations declined and remained suppressed for 3 years in the case of FLU-specific and for more than 5 years in the case of TT-specific antibodies.<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. We found that MM is associated with a profound disease- and therapy-related immunosuppression, which is compensated for a few months after alloSCT, most likely by application of IVIG. This and the differences regarding the recovery of anti-FLU and anti-TT antibody titers during the following years need to be taken into account for optimizing IVIG application and immunization after alloSCT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/134081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,12]],"date-time":"2012-03-12T21:01:02Z","timestamp":1331586062000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Longitudinal Analysis of Tetanus- and Influenza-Specific IgG Antibodies in Myeloma Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Kobold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, and Department of Oncology, Hematology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University, 80336 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Luetkens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, and Department of Oncology, Hematology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Britta Marlen","family":"Bartels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, and Department of Oncology, Hematology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, 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and Department of Oncology, Hematology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrike","family":"Reinhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, and Department of Oncology, Hematology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Templin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, and Department of Oncology, Hematology, Bone 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