{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T09:39:50Z","timestamp":1774604390461,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000182","name":"U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["08108002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["08108002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000182","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000182","name":"U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4-187-2-060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4-187-2-060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000182","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008982","name":"Qatar National Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["08108002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["08108002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008982","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008982","name":"Qatar National Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4-187-2-060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4-187-2-060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008982","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We develop optimal respiratory airflow patterns using a nonlinear multicompartment model for a lung mechanics system. Specifically, we use classical calculus of variations minimization techniques to derive an optimal airflow pattern for inspiratory and expiratory breathing cycles. The physiological interpretation of the optimality criteria used involves the minimization of work of breathing and lung volume acceleration for the inspiratory phase, and the minimization of the elastic potential energy and rapid airflow rate changes for the expiratory phase. Finally, we numerically integrate the resulting nonlinear two-point boundary value problems to determine the optimal airflow patterns over the inspiratory and expiratory breathing cycles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/165946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,9]],"date-time":"2012-06-09T21:00:09Z","timestamp":1339275609000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Optimal Determination of Respiratory Airflow Patterns Using a Nonlinear Multicompartment Model for a Lung Mechanics System"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Hancao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0150, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wassim M.","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0150, 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