{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T05:28:18Z","timestamp":1791178098033,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1 MH083553"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 MH083553"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>There is an evidence of neurocognitive dysfunction even in the absence of advanced liver disease in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Brain metabolism has been investigated non-invasively using one-dimensional (1D)<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) over three decades. Even though highly concentrated cerebral metabolites (N-acetylaspartate, creatine, choline, glutamate\/glutamine, myo-inositol) have been detected using MRS, other metabolites at low concentrations (~1\u20133\u2009mM or less) including glutathione, aspartate and GABA are quite difficult to observe using 1D MRS. In order to resolve overlapping resonances from a number of metabolites, a remedy is to add a second spectral dimension to the existing 1D MRS. Localized two-dimensional correlated spectroscopy (L-COSY) has been developed over the last decade to enhance the spectral dispersion by using the second spectral dimension. We have evaluated this L-COSY technique in the frontal white\/gray matter regions of 14 HCV+ (mean age of 56.2 years) and 14 HCV\u2212 (mean age of 46.6 years) subjects. Our preliminary results showed significantly increased myo-inositol and glutathione in the HCV+ compared to the HCV\u2212 subjects. Hence, glutathione and myo-inositol should be considered along with other metabolites as important markers of inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/179365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,13]],"date-time":"2012-07-13T15:52:04Z","timestamp":1342194724000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["2D MR Spectroscopy Combined with Prior-Knowledge Fitting Is Sensitive to HCV-Associated Cerebral Metabolic Abnormalities"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2012","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5914-9534","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rajakumar","family":"Nagarajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1721, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5356-7276","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Manoj K.","family":"Sarma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1721, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"April D.","family":"Thames","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven A.","family":"Castellon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"},{"name":"Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Hinkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"},{"name":"Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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